Taxon Details: Miconia angustiflora (Benth.) Naudin
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Narratives:
Family:
Melastomataceae (Magnoliophyta)
Melastomataceae (Magnoliophyta)
Scientific Name:
Miconia angustiflora (Benth.) Naudin
Miconia angustiflora (Benth.) Naudin
Primary Citation:
Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 16: 246. 1851
Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 16: 246. 1851
Accepted Name:
This name is currently accepted.
This name is currently accepted.
Description:
Description Author and Date: Walter S. Judd, Eldis R. Bécquer Granados, James D. Skean Jr., and Lucas C. Majure modified from "Taxonomic studies in the Miconieae (Melastomataceae). XII. Revision of Miconia sect. Miconiastrum, with emphasis on the Miconia bicolor complex". Judd, Walter S., Bécquer Granados, Eldis R., Skean, James D., Jr., Majure, Lucas C.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas. 8 (2): 457-491. 2014
Type: JAMAICA, Stony Hill (not seen).
Description: Evergreen shrub or tree to 10 (–15) m. Young stems terete to slightly quadrangular, the indumentum of dense, ferrugineous to pale ferrugineous, stellate to globular-stellate hairs, without elongate, multicellular, non-glandular hairs, internodes 0.5–11.3 cm long, lacking longitudinal ridges, nodal line present, faint. Leaves isophyllous or nearly so; petiole 1.3–6.6 cm long, the indumentum of dense to moderate, stellate hairs; the blade 5.3–20 × 1.8–8.3 cm, ovate to elliptic or obovate, falcate or not, coriaceous, the apex acuminate to attenuate, the base narrowly cuneate or acute to obtuse or rounded, the margin plane to slightly revolute, entire to slightly undulate; secondary veins 2 pairs, one pair conspicuous and one pair inconspicuous, acrodromous, basal, the innermost pair joining midvein at base to 10 mm above the leaf base, the conspicuous secondary veins placed 3–13 mm in from margin, the inconspicuous secondary veins intramarginal to 3 mm in from margin, tertiary veins percurrent, oriented subperpendicular to midvein, 2–9 mm apart, connected by 1–3 quaternary veins, or not connected and quaternary veins reticulate, the higher order veins reticulate, the midvein and major secondary veins slightly impressed to flat, tertiary veins slightly impressed to more commonly flat, remaining veins flat on adaxial surface; the midvein strongly raised, the major secondary veins slightly to moderately raised, the minor secondary veins and tertiary veins slightly raised to flat, and the higher order veins flat on abaxial surface; adaxial surface appearing smooth and punctate to slightly wrinkled after drying, with scattered druse crystals, and drying darker than the abaxial surface, the indumentum initially of dense, pale ferrugineous, stellate hairs, but very quickly glabrescent, although scattered hairs often retained on lamina, and numerous hairs often retained on midvein and major secondary veins; abaxial surface pale green, the surface ± smooth, with dense to moderate (rarely sparse), ferrugineous to pale ferrugineous, stellate hairs (with arms predominantly radiating outward), 0.13–0.25 mm across, the veins with similar hairs, such hairs on lamina usually ± persistent, and those of primary, secondary, and even tertiary veins often deciduous (but sometimes persistent as well), mite domatia present or absent, usually not well developed, at junction of midvein and major secondary veins, with elongate, ± ferrugineous, barbate, eglandular hairs, 0.1–1 mm long. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate cymes, 5–22 cm long, 4–13 cm across, with 3–7 major branch pairs, the peduncle 1–6.6 cm long, the ultimate axes (pseudopedicels) 1–7 mm long, and the numerous flowers well separated from each other; bracts 0.7–1.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm, but probably also larger, narrowly triangular, with acute apex, quickly deciduous; bracteoles 0.4–1 × 0.1–0.25 mm, narrowly triangular, with acute apex, deciduous. Flowers 5- or occasionally 6-merous, zygomorphic (due to positioning of the stamens), with pedicel 1.5–6 mm long. Hypanthium 4.5–6 mm long, terete and slightly constricted above ovary, the free portion 2.5–3.5 mm long, 2–3 mm wide at the torus, the outer surface with moderate to dense stellate hairs, the internal surface smooth to very slightly longitudinally ridged, glabrous. Calyx lobes 5 (6), separate in bud, the tube 0.8–1.5 mm long, not tearing between lobes, with moderate to dense stellate hairs abaxially, with sparse to moderate branched to stellate hairs adaxially, the lobes 0.2–0.8 × 2–3.5 mm, broadly triangular to nearly obsolete, the apex obtuse to rounded, with hairs similar to those of the tube, green, sometimes red-tinged; calyx teeth present, 0.1–0.2 mm long, a small bump near apex of each lobe, green, with rounded apex, and hairs similar to those of calyx. Petals 5 (6), 7–11 × 3.5–6.5 mm, asymmetrically obovoid, spreading, white, glabrous but both surfaces densely papillose-granulate, the apex rounded and ± notched, the base slightly narrowed to a broad attachment, the margin entire. Stamens 10 (12), isomorphic, ± geniculate near filament apex; staminal filament 5.5–8 mm long, glabrous, pale yellow, anther thecae 5.2–7.9 × 0.8–1.2 mm, subulate, straight to slightly incurved, opening by a small dorso-apical pore, yellow, the connective not prolonged below the thecae, glabrous, but the filament emerging from slight depression in sterile, minutely dorso-lobed anther base. Ovary 3-locular, 3/4–4/5 inferior, ellipsoid to oblong, 4–4.5 mm long, 1.7–3 mm in diameter, apically conical, glabrous, the apex with small, ridged collar, but lacking crown, with axile placentation, the ovules numerous, borne on small placenta that only slightly extends into locule; style 12–18.5 mm long, distally curved, white to rose, glabrous; stigma punctate, minutely papillose, 0.15–0.2 mm wide. Berries 6–10 mm long, 5.5–10 mm in diameter, globose to ellipsoid, purple-black, with scattered, stellate hairs, the hypanthium constricted, 1.5–2.7 mm wide at narrowest point and 2.5–3.3 mm wide at torus, b
Chromosome number: 2n = 34 (Wurdack & Solt 1980).
Phenology: Recorded in flower in every month except April, October, and December, and likely blooming year around.
Distribution and ecology: Miconia angustiflora is endemic to Jamaica, occurring nearly throughout the island (Fig. 8), usually in dry to moist thickets or forests over limestone, from 90–900 m.
Taxonomy and Systematics: Miconia angustiflora is variable in the development of mite domatia; some individuals have mite domatia on the abaxial leaf surface, while others lack them. The domatia, when present, are usually poorly developed. The species often has been confused with T. bicolor (Goldenberg et al. 2013), although the form of the hairs (i.e., stellate hairs vs. stellate-peltate scales) easily differentiate the two taxa. It is actually much more similar to M. barbata and M. maestrensis, two species of the “Oriente” region of Cuba (see key for differentiating characters), although we note that the latter species also have been confused with T. bicolor. The species has almost always been known as Tetrazygia pallens (see, for example, Proctor 1972) although this name actually is a synonym of T. bicolor (see Michelangeli & Bécquer 2012, and nomenclatural discussion under Miconia bicolor, above). The misapplication of the name Tetrazygia pallens, originally described from Hispaniolan material, came about as a result of the broad circumscription of Tetrazygia pallens in Cogniaux (1891), which included plants from Jamaica, Hispaniola, and eastern Cuba; the name T. pallens was then erroneously applied to the Jamaican populations when the circumscription of this species was restricted.
Description Author and Date: Walter S. Judd, Eldis R. Bécquer Granados, James D. Skean Jr., and Lucas C. Majure modified from "Taxonomic studies in the Miconieae (Melastomataceae). XII. Revision of Miconia sect. Miconiastrum, with emphasis on the Miconia bicolor complex". Judd, Walter S., Bécquer Granados, Eldis R., Skean, James D., Jr., Majure, Lucas C.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas. 8 (2): 457-491. 2014
Type: JAMAICA, Stony Hill (not seen).
Description: Evergreen shrub or tree to 10 (–15) m. Young stems terete to slightly quadrangular, the indumentum of dense, ferrugineous to pale ferrugineous, stellate to globular-stellate hairs, without elongate, multicellular, non-glandular hairs, internodes 0.5–11.3 cm long, lacking longitudinal ridges, nodal line present, faint. Leaves isophyllous or nearly so; petiole 1.3–6.6 cm long, the indumentum of dense to moderate, stellate hairs; the blade 5.3–20 × 1.8–8.3 cm, ovate to elliptic or obovate, falcate or not, coriaceous, the apex acuminate to attenuate, the base narrowly cuneate or acute to obtuse or rounded, the margin plane to slightly revolute, entire to slightly undulate; secondary veins 2 pairs, one pair conspicuous and one pair inconspicuous, acrodromous, basal, the innermost pair joining midvein at base to 10 mm above the leaf base, the conspicuous secondary veins placed 3–13 mm in from margin, the inconspicuous secondary veins intramarginal to 3 mm in from margin, tertiary veins percurrent, oriented subperpendicular to midvein, 2–9 mm apart, connected by 1–3 quaternary veins, or not connected and quaternary veins reticulate, the higher order veins reticulate, the midvein and major secondary veins slightly impressed to flat, tertiary veins slightly impressed to more commonly flat, remaining veins flat on adaxial surface; the midvein strongly raised, the major secondary veins slightly to moderately raised, the minor secondary veins and tertiary veins slightly raised to flat, and the higher order veins flat on abaxial surface; adaxial surface appearing smooth and punctate to slightly wrinkled after drying, with scattered druse crystals, and drying darker than the abaxial surface, the indumentum initially of dense, pale ferrugineous, stellate hairs, but very quickly glabrescent, although scattered hairs often retained on lamina, and numerous hairs often retained on midvein and major secondary veins; abaxial surface pale green, the surface ± smooth, with dense to moderate (rarely sparse), ferrugineous to pale ferrugineous, stellate hairs (with arms predominantly radiating outward), 0.13–0.25 mm across, the veins with similar hairs, such hairs on lamina usually ± persistent, and those of primary, secondary, and even tertiary veins often deciduous (but sometimes persistent as well), mite domatia present or absent, usually not well developed, at junction of midvein and major secondary veins, with elongate, ± ferrugineous, barbate, eglandular hairs, 0.1–1 mm long. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate cymes, 5–22 cm long, 4–13 cm across, with 3–7 major branch pairs, the peduncle 1–6.6 cm long, the ultimate axes (pseudopedicels) 1–7 mm long, and the numerous flowers well separated from each other; bracts 0.7–1.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm, but probably also larger, narrowly triangular, with acute apex, quickly deciduous; bracteoles 0.4–1 × 0.1–0.25 mm, narrowly triangular, with acute apex, deciduous. Flowers 5- or occasionally 6-merous, zygomorphic (due to positioning of the stamens), with pedicel 1.5–6 mm long. Hypanthium 4.5–6 mm long, terete and slightly constricted above ovary, the free portion 2.5–3.5 mm long, 2–3 mm wide at the torus, the outer surface with moderate to dense stellate hairs, the internal surface smooth to very slightly longitudinally ridged, glabrous. Calyx lobes 5 (6), separate in bud, the tube 0.8–1.5 mm long, not tearing between lobes, with moderate to dense stellate hairs abaxially, with sparse to moderate branched to stellate hairs adaxially, the lobes 0.2–0.8 × 2–3.5 mm, broadly triangular to nearly obsolete, the apex obtuse to rounded, with hairs similar to those of the tube, green, sometimes red-tinged; calyx teeth present, 0.1–0.2 mm long, a small bump near apex of each lobe, green, with rounded apex, and hairs similar to those of calyx. Petals 5 (6), 7–11 × 3.5–6.5 mm, asymmetrically obovoid, spreading, white, glabrous but both surfaces densely papillose-granulate, the apex rounded and ± notched, the base slightly narrowed to a broad attachment, the margin entire. Stamens 10 (12), isomorphic, ± geniculate near filament apex; staminal filament 5.5–8 mm long, glabrous, pale yellow, anther thecae 5.2–7.9 × 0.8–1.2 mm, subulate, straight to slightly incurved, opening by a small dorso-apical pore, yellow, the connective not prolonged below the thecae, glabrous, but the filament emerging from slight depression in sterile, minutely dorso-lobed anther base. Ovary 3-locular, 3/4–4/5 inferior, ellipsoid to oblong, 4–4.5 mm long, 1.7–3 mm in diameter, apically conical, glabrous, the apex with small, ridged collar, but lacking crown, with axile placentation, the ovules numerous, borne on small placenta that only slightly extends into locule; style 12–18.5 mm long, distally curved, white to rose, glabrous; stigma punctate, minutely papillose, 0.15–0.2 mm wide. Berries 6–10 mm long, 5.5–10 mm in diameter, globose to ellipsoid, purple-black, with scattered, stellate hairs, the hypanthium constricted, 1.5–2.7 mm wide at narrowest point and 2.5–3.3 mm wide at torus, b
Chromosome number: 2n = 34 (Wurdack & Solt 1980).
Phenology: Recorded in flower in every month except April, October, and December, and likely blooming year around.
Distribution and ecology: Miconia angustiflora is endemic to Jamaica, occurring nearly throughout the island (Fig. 8), usually in dry to moist thickets or forests over limestone, from 90–900 m.
Taxonomy and Systematics: Miconia angustiflora is variable in the development of mite domatia; some individuals have mite domatia on the abaxial leaf surface, while others lack them. The domatia, when present, are usually poorly developed. The species often has been confused with T. bicolor (Goldenberg et al. 2013), although the form of the hairs (i.e., stellate hairs vs. stellate-peltate scales) easily differentiate the two taxa. It is actually much more similar to M. barbata and M. maestrensis, two species of the “Oriente” region of Cuba (see key for differentiating characters), although we note that the latter species also have been confused with T. bicolor. The species has almost always been known as Tetrazygia pallens (see, for example, Proctor 1972) although this name actually is a synonym of T. bicolor (see Michelangeli & Bécquer 2012, and nomenclatural discussion under Miconia bicolor, above). The misapplication of the name Tetrazygia pallens, originally described from Hispaniolan material, came about as a result of the broad circumscription of Tetrazygia pallens in Cogniaux (1891), which included plants from Jamaica, Hispaniola, and eastern Cuba; the name T. pallens was then erroneously applied to the Jamaican populations when the circumscription of this species was restricted.