Taxon Details: Megalastrum ctenitoides A.Rojas
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Protologue of Megalastrum ctenitoides A. Rojas
Protologue of Megalastrum ctenitoides A. RojasFamily:
Dryopteridaceae (Pteridophyta)
Dryopteridaceae (Pteridophyta)
Scientific Name:
Megalastrum ctenitoides A.Rojas
Megalastrum ctenitoides A.Rojas
Primary Citation:
Revista Biol. Trop. 49(2): 470, f. 2. 2001
Revista Biol. Trop. 49(2): 470, f. 2. 2001
Description:
by: R.C. Moran, J. Prado
Type: Costa Rica: Limón: Limón, El Progreso, Fila Matama, Valle de La Estrella, cabeceras del Río Cariei, 9º47'20" N, 83º08'18" W, 1400 m, 26 Apr 1989, G. Herrera y A. Chacón 2794 (Holotype: INB; Isotypes: CR, MO, K-n.v.).
Description: Rhizomes erect to decumbent; leaves 0.8-1.0 m long; scales of the petiole bases 3-6 × ca. 0.5 mm, lanceolate to filiform, firm, dull brown, not twisted, denticulate on the margins and sometimes the surfaces, the teeth occasionally bifid and or black; laminae 0.5-0.6 m long, 1-pinnate-pinnatifid at base and middle; rachises abaxially non-glandular (i.e., lacking stipitate glands and sessile spherical ones), scaly, pubescent, the scales 2-4 × 0.3-0.4 mm, lanceolate, firm, brown, dull, spreading, denticulate to entire, non-bullate, the hairs ca. 0.5 mm long, 4- or 5-celled, adaxially non-glandular, pubescent, the hairs ca. 1 mm long, 6-8-celled, strongly jointed (twisted at the septae); basal pinnae 0.1-0.15 m long, equilateral, cut ca. half way to the costae; pinna rachises abaxially non-glandular (i.e., lacking stipitate glands and sessile spherical ones), densely pubescent, scaly, the hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long, 2-4-celled, ascending-appressed, scales like those of the rachises, adaxially glabrous (sometimes a few hairs at the base), the hairs like those abaxially, non-glandular; laminar tissue between the veins on both surfaces, glabrous, non-glandular; veins abaxially obscure, sparsely pubescent, hairs 0.2-0.3 mm long, 1-3-celled, ascending, adaxially not visible, glabrous; hydathodes evident; lamina margins sparsely ciliate, the hairs 0.1-0.3 mm long, 2- or 3-celled, ascending, non-glandular; indusia absent.
Distribution: Rica, Colombia; wet forests, 1300-1400 m.
Comments: Megalastrum ctenitoides is the only species in Central America with 1-pinnate-pinnatifid laminae. Also distinctive are the adaxially glabrous pinna rachises (sometimes a few hairs occur near the rachis of the lamina), the basal basiscopic lobes overlapping the leaf rachises, and hairs on the adaxial surface of the leaf rachises strongly jointed (this results from, as the hairs dry, the individual cells collapsing and twisting at right angles to each other). Only one other species in Central America has adaxially glabrous pinna rachises: M. reductum. It differs from M. ctenitoides by the characters given in the key. The protologue cites two specimens from the Department of Nariño, Colombia, that we have been unable to obtain on loan: Betancur et al. 4806 (COL) and Franco 5095 (COL).
by: R.C. Moran, J. Prado
Type: Costa Rica: Limón: Limón, El Progreso, Fila Matama, Valle de La Estrella, cabeceras del Río Cariei, 9º47'20" N, 83º08'18" W, 1400 m, 26 Apr 1989, G. Herrera y A. Chacón 2794 (Holotype: INB; Isotypes: CR, MO, K-n.v.).
Description: Rhizomes erect to decumbent; leaves 0.8-1.0 m long; scales of the petiole bases 3-6 × ca. 0.5 mm, lanceolate to filiform, firm, dull brown, not twisted, denticulate on the margins and sometimes the surfaces, the teeth occasionally bifid and or black; laminae 0.5-0.6 m long, 1-pinnate-pinnatifid at base and middle; rachises abaxially non-glandular (i.e., lacking stipitate glands and sessile spherical ones), scaly, pubescent, the scales 2-4 × 0.3-0.4 mm, lanceolate, firm, brown, dull, spreading, denticulate to entire, non-bullate, the hairs ca. 0.5 mm long, 4- or 5-celled, adaxially non-glandular, pubescent, the hairs ca. 1 mm long, 6-8-celled, strongly jointed (twisted at the septae); basal pinnae 0.1-0.15 m long, equilateral, cut ca. half way to the costae; pinna rachises abaxially non-glandular (i.e., lacking stipitate glands and sessile spherical ones), densely pubescent, scaly, the hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long, 2-4-celled, ascending-appressed, scales like those of the rachises, adaxially glabrous (sometimes a few hairs at the base), the hairs like those abaxially, non-glandular; laminar tissue between the veins on both surfaces, glabrous, non-glandular; veins abaxially obscure, sparsely pubescent, hairs 0.2-0.3 mm long, 1-3-celled, ascending, adaxially not visible, glabrous; hydathodes evident; lamina margins sparsely ciliate, the hairs 0.1-0.3 mm long, 2- or 3-celled, ascending, non-glandular; indusia absent.
Distribution: Rica, Colombia; wet forests, 1300-1400 m.
Comments: Megalastrum ctenitoides is the only species in Central America with 1-pinnate-pinnatifid laminae. Also distinctive are the adaxially glabrous pinna rachises (sometimes a few hairs occur near the rachis of the lamina), the basal basiscopic lobes overlapping the leaf rachises, and hairs on the adaxial surface of the leaf rachises strongly jointed (this results from, as the hairs dry, the individual cells collapsing and twisting at right angles to each other). Only one other species in Central America has adaxially glabrous pinna rachises: M. reductum. It differs from M. ctenitoides by the characters given in the key. The protologue cites two specimens from the Department of Nariño, Colombia, that we have been unable to obtain on loan: Betancur et al. 4806 (COL) and Franco 5095 (COL).