Monographs Details:
Authority:
Prance, Ghillean T. & Mori, S. A. 1979. Lecythidaceae - Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 1-270. (Published by NYBG Press)
Prance, Ghillean T. & Mori, S. A. 1979. Lecythidaceae - Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 1-270. (Published by NYBG Press)
Family:
Lecythidaceae
Lecythidaceae
Synonyms:
Cariniana exigua Miers, Cariniana clavata Novik
Cariniana exigua Miers, Cariniana clavata Novik
Description:
Description - Tree to 50.0 m tall, the young branches sparsely puberulous, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves with laminas lanceolate to oblong 4.5-7.5 cm long, 2.03.2 cm broad, the margins crenate, acuminate or cuspidate at apex, the acumen 5.0-20.0 mm long, straight, the base broadly subcuneate, not decurrent; midrib prominent on both surfaces, glabrous beneath; primary veins 18-22 pairs, with domatia and a tuft of hairs at junction with midrib beneath, prominulous and slender on both surfaces, 2.0-4.0 mm apart at base; petiole 3.0-4.0 mm long, puberulous, canaliculate, not winged. Inflorescences of terminal panicles 6.0-12.0 cm long, the rachis and branches tomentellous, pedicels 0.51.2 mm long, tomentellous. Calyx ca 3.0 mm long, the lobes triangular, tomentellous on exterior. Petals oblong-lanceolate, 7.0-9.0 mm long, 2.0-3.0 mm broad, rose. The androecium ca 2.0 mm in diameter, white, the stamens ca 50, erect, attached mainly to top of androecium, the anthers globose. Style short. Pyxidium 7.0-8.0 cm long, conical, ca 4.5-5.5 cm broad at calycine ring, the supracalycine zone 1.5-2.0 cm wide, the pericarp very thick at line of opercular dehiscence, 6.0-6.5 cm long, the columella triangular. Seeds pyriform, 8-24 per fruit, 1.3 cm long, 0.7 cm broad, with long unilateral wings.
Description - Tree to 50.0 m tall, the young branches sparsely puberulous, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves with laminas lanceolate to oblong 4.5-7.5 cm long, 2.03.2 cm broad, the margins crenate, acuminate or cuspidate at apex, the acumen 5.0-20.0 mm long, straight, the base broadly subcuneate, not decurrent; midrib prominent on both surfaces, glabrous beneath; primary veins 18-22 pairs, with domatia and a tuft of hairs at junction with midrib beneath, prominulous and slender on both surfaces, 2.0-4.0 mm apart at base; petiole 3.0-4.0 mm long, puberulous, canaliculate, not winged. Inflorescences of terminal panicles 6.0-12.0 cm long, the rachis and branches tomentellous, pedicels 0.51.2 mm long, tomentellous. Calyx ca 3.0 mm long, the lobes triangular, tomentellous on exterior. Petals oblong-lanceolate, 7.0-9.0 mm long, 2.0-3.0 mm broad, rose. The androecium ca 2.0 mm in diameter, white, the stamens ca 50, erect, attached mainly to top of androecium, the anthers globose. Style short. Pyxidium 7.0-8.0 cm long, conical, ca 4.5-5.5 cm broad at calycine ring, the supracalycine zone 1.5-2.0 cm wide, the pericarp very thick at line of opercular dehiscence, 6.0-6.5 cm long, the columella triangular. Seeds pyriform, 8-24 per fruit, 1.3 cm long, 0.7 cm broad, with long unilateral wings.
Discussion:
The wood has been exported under the name of Colombian Mahogany, but it is hard to work, the inner bark fiber is used for tying and is very strong.Ecology. The fruiting season of C. pyriformis in the Chocó of Colombia is from November to April (Betancur and Raigosa, 1973).Cariniana pyriformis is most closely related to C. rubra, C. domestica and C. penduliflora. These four species form a complex readily distinguished from the other species of the genus by the presence of leaf domatia and by the very thick pericarp of the pyxidium. Cariniana pyriformis differs from the three other related species by the narrower oblong-lanceolate leaves with an erect not curved acumen, the shorter petioles, and by the shape of the pyxidium which is also smooth not costate, and is much broader at the calycine ring region.I have not yet been able to locate type material of C. clavata, but judging from the type description and the illustrations it falls well within the range of variation of C. pyriformis. Cariniana clavata represents another species described from small differences of pyxidium morphology which do not hold true when further material is studied.
The wood has been exported under the name of Colombian Mahogany, but it is hard to work, the inner bark fiber is used for tying and is very strong.Ecology. The fruiting season of C. pyriformis in the Chocó of Colombia is from November to April (Betancur and Raigosa, 1973).Cariniana pyriformis is most closely related to C. rubra, C. domestica and C. penduliflora. These four species form a complex readily distinguished from the other species of the genus by the presence of leaf domatia and by the very thick pericarp of the pyxidium. Cariniana pyriformis differs from the three other related species by the narrower oblong-lanceolate leaves with an erect not curved acumen, the shorter petioles, and by the shape of the pyxidium which is also smooth not costate, and is much broader at the calycine ring region.I have not yet been able to locate type material of C. clavata, but judging from the type description and the illustrations it falls well within the range of variation of C. pyriformis. Cariniana clavata represents another species described from small differences of pyxidium morphology which do not hold true when further material is studied.
Distribution:
Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Córdoba Colombia South America| Norte de Santander Colombia South America| Bolívar Colombia South America| Santander Colombia South America| Boyacá Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Zulia Venezuela South America| Trinidad and Tobago South America|
Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Córdoba Colombia South America| Norte de Santander Colombia South America| Bolívar Colombia South America| Santander Colombia South America| Boyacá Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Zulia Venezuela South America| Trinidad and Tobago South America|
Common Names:
Abarco, Chibuga, Bacú, Colombian Mahogany
Abarco, Chibuga, Bacú, Colombian Mahogany