Monographs Details:
Authority:
Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro. 2003. Meliococceae (Sapindaceae):. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 87: 1-178. (Published by NYBG Press)
Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro. 2003. Meliococceae (Sapindaceae):
Family:
Sapindaceae
Sapindaceae
Synonyms:
Talisia elephantipes Sandwith, Talisia allenii Croat, Talisia pentantha Steyerm., Talisia sancarlosiana Steyerm., Cupania macrophylla Mart.
Talisia elephantipes Sandwith, Talisia allenii Croat, Talisia pentantha Steyerm., Talisia sancarlosiana Steyerm., Cupania macrophylla Mart.
Description:
Species Description - Treelet, 4 to 12 (25) m tall; trunk to 15 cm in diam. Branches terete, smooth, minutely lenticellate, glabrous. Leaves paripinnate; distal process 2-3 mm long, truncate at apex; leaflets (6)8-16(30), alternate, opposite or subopposite, oblong to elliptic, 10-45 × 3.7-13, chartaceous to sub-coriaceous, glabrous, the adaxial surface with prominulous, plane or slightly sunken primary and secondary veins, the abaxial surface with prominent, primary and secondary veins, the venation brochidodromus, with secondary veins alternate or subopposite, arching, tertiary veins reticulate, the margins undulate, the apex obtuse, acuminate or seldom long-acuminate and mucronate, the base asymmetrical to strongly asymmetrical, obtuse-cuneate, to nearly rounded (then one side higher than the other, tapering into the petiolule; petiolules pulvinate, 4-12(35) mm long, glabrous, oblong-conical, canaliculate; rachis reddish or dark brown 20-58 (115) cm long, obtusely to narrowly rhombic distally, nearly terete and striate at base, glabrous, shiny, smooth; petioles terete, 27-37 cm long, gradually swollen toward base. Thyrses axillary, panicle-shaped, terminal on distal portion of main stem and branches, 28-35 (100) cm long, the secondary branches 18(35) cm long; cataphylls acicular, glabrous, reddish brown 5-8 mm long, in groups of 5 or 6; axes angled, sulcate, sparsely puberulent; bracts nearly triangular-lanceolate, persistent, 1-2 mm long; dichasia simple or compound, nearly sessile to shortly pedunculate; pedicels 0.3-0.7 mm long, articulate near the middle to just below the flower, usually pinkish when immature, green at anthesis. Calyx pinkish in immature flowers, green at anthesis, 1.2-2.2 (3) mm long, puberulent, the sepals 1.5-2.5 mm long, concave to nearly keeled, ovate-deltate to lanceolate, obtuse or rounded at apex, the margins sometimes ciliate with simple or glandular hairs; petals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 3-3.7(5) mm long, reflexed at anthesis, papillate on adaxial surface, glabrous on abaxial surface, rounded at apex, cuneate at base; appendages a little shorter than the petals, lanceolate, erect, villose on adaxial surface, papillate or glabrous on abaxial surface, sometimes with appressed hairs at base, the apex entire; disc annular, 5-lobed, glabrous or puberulent, 0.4-0.5 mm tall; stamens 5, the filaments of equal length or slightly unequal, 1-2.2 mm long, glabrous or less often puberulous, the anthers 1.1-1.4 (2) mm long, oblong, oblong-lanceolate to linear, glabrous, apiculate at apex; ovary glabrous, the stigma elongate, nearly terete, papillate. Fruits l(2)-seeded, ellipsoid to globose, green, glabrescent, smooth, 1.7-3 × 1.1-3 cm, rounded at apex, shortly apiculate, the pericarp 0.9 mm thick. Seeds ellipsoid, to 1.5 cm long. Embryo with cotyledons superimposed, of equal size.
Species Description - Treelet, 4 to 12 (25) m tall; trunk to 15 cm in diam. Branches terete, smooth, minutely lenticellate, glabrous. Leaves paripinnate; distal process 2-3 mm long, truncate at apex; leaflets (6)8-16(30), alternate, opposite or subopposite, oblong to elliptic, 10-45 × 3.7-13, chartaceous to sub-coriaceous, glabrous, the adaxial surface with prominulous, plane or slightly sunken primary and secondary veins, the abaxial surface with prominent, primary and secondary veins, the venation brochidodromus, with secondary veins alternate or subopposite, arching, tertiary veins reticulate, the margins undulate, the apex obtuse, acuminate or seldom long-acuminate and mucronate, the base asymmetrical to strongly asymmetrical, obtuse-cuneate, to nearly rounded (then one side higher than the other, tapering into the petiolule; petiolules pulvinate, 4-12(35) mm long, glabrous, oblong-conical, canaliculate; rachis reddish or dark brown 20-58 (115) cm long, obtusely to narrowly rhombic distally, nearly terete and striate at base, glabrous, shiny, smooth; petioles terete, 27-37 cm long, gradually swollen toward base. Thyrses axillary, panicle-shaped, terminal on distal portion of main stem and branches, 28-35 (100) cm long, the secondary branches 18(35) cm long; cataphylls acicular, glabrous, reddish brown 5-8 mm long, in groups of 5 or 6; axes angled, sulcate, sparsely puberulent; bracts nearly triangular-lanceolate, persistent, 1-2 mm long; dichasia simple or compound, nearly sessile to shortly pedunculate; pedicels 0.3-0.7 mm long, articulate near the middle to just below the flower, usually pinkish when immature, green at anthesis. Calyx pinkish in immature flowers, green at anthesis, 1.2-2.2 (3) mm long, puberulent, the sepals 1.5-2.5 mm long, concave to nearly keeled, ovate-deltate to lanceolate, obtuse or rounded at apex, the margins sometimes ciliate with simple or glandular hairs; petals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 3-3.7(5) mm long, reflexed at anthesis, papillate on adaxial surface, glabrous on abaxial surface, rounded at apex, cuneate at base; appendages a little shorter than the petals, lanceolate, erect, villose on adaxial surface, papillate or glabrous on abaxial surface, sometimes with appressed hairs at base, the apex entire; disc annular, 5-lobed, glabrous or puberulent, 0.4-0.5 mm tall; stamens 5, the filaments of equal length or slightly unequal, 1-2.2 mm long, glabrous or less often puberulous, the anthers 1.1-1.4 (2) mm long, oblong, oblong-lanceolate to linear, glabrous, apiculate at apex; ovary glabrous, the stigma elongate, nearly terete, papillate. Fruits l(2)-seeded, ellipsoid to globose, green, glabrescent, smooth, 1.7-3 × 1.1-3 cm, rounded at apex, shortly apiculate, the pericarp 0.9 mm thick. Seeds ellipsoid, to 1.5 cm long. Embryo with cotyledons superimposed, of equal size.
Discussion:
Talisia macrophylla seems to be closely related to I carinata. However, T. macrophylla differs from T. carinata by the following characters: leaflets larger; sepals ovate-deltate (vs. ovate); petals smaller, oblong, abaxially glabrous and truncate at base (vs. elliptic, sericeous and attenuate at base); disc glabrous (vs. tomentose); filaments glabrous and shorter than the anthers; (vs. tomentose and longer than the anthers); anthers oblong (vs. lanceolate); and fruits smooth (vs. granulose). Talisia macrophylla looks vegetatively similar to T. cerasina (Bentham) Radlkofer. However, I macrophylla can be distinguished by its nearly sessile dichasia, smaller flowers (corolla ca. 3 mm long, vs. 5 mm long) with 5 stamens (vs. 8 stamens), and glabrous ovaries (vs. sericeous). In addition, leaflets of T. macrophylla are less strongly asymmetrical basally than those of T. cerasina. Leaflets of Talisia macrophylla differ from those of large-leaved T. nervosa by having lower secondary veins that do not form a closed loop at margins (all secondaries forming a closed loop). The specific epithet refers to the large leaflets of this species.Phenology. Flowers and fruits throughout the year.
Talisia macrophylla seems to be closely related to I carinata. However, T. macrophylla differs from T. carinata by the following characters: leaflets larger; sepals ovate-deltate (vs. ovate); petals smaller, oblong, abaxially glabrous and truncate at base (vs. elliptic, sericeous and attenuate at base); disc glabrous (vs. tomentose); filaments glabrous and shorter than the anthers; (vs. tomentose and longer than the anthers); anthers oblong (vs. lanceolate); and fruits smooth (vs. granulose). Talisia macrophylla looks vegetatively similar to T. cerasina (Bentham) Radlkofer. However, I macrophylla can be distinguished by its nearly sessile dichasia, smaller flowers (corolla ca. 3 mm long, vs. 5 mm long) with 5 stamens (vs. 8 stamens), and glabrous ovaries (vs. sericeous). In addition, leaflets of T. macrophylla are less strongly asymmetrical basally than those of T. cerasina. Leaflets of Talisia macrophylla differ from those of large-leaved T. nervosa by having lower secondary veins that do not form a closed loop at margins (all secondaries forming a closed loop). The specific epithet refers to the large leaflets of this species.Phenology. Flowers and fruits throughout the year.
Distribution:
Costa Rica South America| Puntarenas Costa Rica Central America| Panama Central America| Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Caquetá Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Guánica Puerto Rico South America| Valle Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Distrito Federal Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Essequibo Guyana South America| Suriname South America| Marowijne Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Approuague-Kaw French Guiana South America| Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni French Guiana South America| Cayenne French Guiana South America| Saül French Guiana South America| Ecuador South America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Pasco Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Rondônia Brazil South America| Roraima Brazil South America|
Costa Rica South America| Puntarenas Costa Rica Central America| Panama Central America| Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Caquetá Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Guánica Puerto Rico South America| Valle Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Distrito Federal Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Essequibo Guyana South America| Suriname South America| Marowijne Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Approuague-Kaw French Guiana South America| Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni French Guiana South America| Cayenne French Guiana South America| Saül French Guiana South America| Ecuador South America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Pasco Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Rondônia Brazil South America| Roraima Brazil South America|
Common Names:
pitomba do mato, Pitomba, pitombarana, huesillo, bois-flambeau, yarre patado, copal rosado de hoja grande, cafecillo, sangre de lapa
pitomba do mato, Pitomba, pitombarana, huesillo, bois-flambeau, yarre patado, copal rosado de hoja grande, cafecillo, sangre de lapa