Displaying 1 - 60 out of 66 Object(s)
| Term | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| Aerenchyma | Tissue with large,intercellular, air-filled spaces; e.g., in the petioles of many species of Araceae and in the roots, stems, and leaves of many aquatic plants. |  |
| Bud | A young shoot from which leaves or flowers may develop, the former is a leaf bud and the latter is a flower bud. |  |
| Bud naked | Referring to a bud that is not covered by bud scales. |  |
| Bud scale | A reduced leaf that encloses a bud. | |
| Cephalium (plural = cephalia) | An enlargement with a dense covering of hairs at the apex of the stem in some Cactaceae. | |
| Chambered pith | Referring to a pith that has chambers in the stem caused by septations at right angles to the long axis. |  |
| Cladode | A flattened, green, photosynthetic stem; e.g., in some Cactaceae. |  |
| Cortex | The tissue in a stem or root between the epidermis and the vascular tissue. | |
| Cortical bundle | Referring to a a vascular bundle that penetrates the cortex of the stems of plants. |  |
| Cystolith | A crystal typically of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) located in the epidermal cells at the surface of leaves of certain plants (e.g., Acanthaceae) and appearing as a light-colored streak or protuberance. | |
| Druse | A mace-shaped mass of calcium carbonate that forms in some plant cells. | |
| Epicortical roots | In some Eremolepidaceae and Loranthaceae, roots that develop from the cortex of the stem to form secondary points of attachment to the host. | |
| Fiber | An elongated, usually tapering, sclerenchyma cell found in wood. | |
| Glochid | A very thin and usually deciduous, barbed spine characteristic of some Cactaceae (Opuntioideae). | |
| Glochidiate | Barbed; bearing glochids. | |
| Ground tissue | Plant tissue other than the vascular tissue, the epidermis, or the periderm. | |
| Hapter (plural = haptera) | Disclike or irregularly formed lateral outgrowths of roots (rarely shoots) that affix plants of many Podostemaceae to the substrate. Same as holdfast. | |
| Haustorium (plural = haustoria) | The tissue-penetratingand food-absorbing organ of a parasitic plant. |  |
| Holdfast | See hapter. | |
| Hydathode | A structural modification, usually in leaves, that permits the release of water through an opening in the epidermis. | |
| Hydropote | In the Myrsinaceae, a multicellular, epidermal structure, often of leaves, serving for the absorption of water and mineral salts. When young, hydropotes consist of a basal stalk and a group of cap cells, but at maturity the superficial structure breaks off and the remaining depression often regulates water as a hydathode. | |
| Intercalary | Inserted between adjacent tissues or structures. | |
| Internode | The part of the stem between nodes. |  |
| Interpetiolar glands | Excretory structures located between the petioles of some plants; e.g., species of Bignoniaceae. | |
| Intravaginal squamules | Scalelike structures found in the axils of the leaves of Alismataceae, Araceae, and Cymodoceaceae. | |
| Lateral bud | A bud arising in the axil of a leaf. Same as axillary bud. | |
| Laticifer | A latex-producing cell or series of cells. | |
| Meristem | Undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells arise. | |
| Mucilage | A sticky, viscous liquid; e.g., that present among the leaf bases of Rapateaceae or in canals penetrating the ovary and sepals of some Lecythidaceae. |  |
| Muellerian bodies (also spelled Müllerian bodies) | Glycogen-rich food bodies located on fuzzy pads (trichilia) at the base of the petiole of some species of Cecropia (Cecropiaceae). Compare with pearl bodies. |  |
| Node | The part of the stem where buds, leaves, and or adventitious roots are produced. | |
| Ocrea | A structure formed of stipules fused into a sheath and surrounding the stem; i.e., a diagnostic character of the Polygonaceae; in palms, an extension of the leaf sheath beyond the petiole insertion, is a different kind of ligule. |  |
| Oral setae | Coarse, bristlelike appendages present at the summit of the leaf sheaths of some grasses. |  |
| Parenchyma | Ground tissue composed of mostly isodiametric, thin-walled cells that usually retain the ability to divide. | |
| Perula (plural = perulae, adj. = perulate) | A scale of a leaf bud. The same as bud scale. | |
| Phylloclade | A branch that has taken on the form and function of a leaf. | |
| Phyllode | A petiole and or rachis that has taken on the form and function of a leaf; e.g., in certain species of Acacia. |  |
| Pith | The spongy ground tissue occupying the center of many stems. |  |
| Polystelic | Referring to a stem with more than one vascular bundle. | |
| Prostoma (plural = prostomata) | An indented and/or membranous area through which plant-associated ants bore into the hollow chambers of the trunks and stems; e.g., in many species of Cecropia (Cecropiaceae). | |
| Pseudobulb | In Orchidaceae, a specially modified stem that is variously swollen and stores food and water. Pseudobulbs are common in epiphytic but are lacking in terrestrial species. |  |
| Pseudospikelet | A group of indeterminate, spikeletlike structures that develop from buds, are subtended by glumelike, sterile bracts, and are found in some Bambuseae and a few other Poaceae. | |
| Pseudostem | The apparent stem of Musa (Musaceae), Phenakospermum (Strelitziaceae), and some other monocots which is actually a cylinder formed by overlapping leaf bases. |  |
| Radicant | Rooting, usually referring to a prostrate or aerial stem giving rise to roots at the nodes. | |
| Ramicaul | Secondary stem of some Orchidaceae. | |
| Ranalean odor | See ethereal oils. | |
| Raphide | A needle-shaped crystal of calcium oxalate found in the cells of some plants. | |
| Sclereid | A thick-walled,lignified cell that is variable in form. | |
| Sclerenchyma | Tissue composed of dead, thick-walled cells, such as stone cells and fibers. | |
| Secondary growth | Plant tissue derived from lateral meristems. | |
| Stele | The vascular cylinder of a stem or root. | |
| Stem | The main ascending axis of a plant. |  |
| Stem angular | Referring to a stem that is not round in cross section, e.g. it can be flattened or angled as in sedges. | |
| Stem hollow | Referring to a stem that does not have tissue in the center, e.g., the hollow stems of grasses. | |
| Stem solid | Referring to a stem that has tissue in the middle, i.e., the cortex is solid. | |
| Stone cell | A short, roughly isodiametric sclereid. | |
| Tendril at right angle | Referring to a tendrial that arises at a right angle to the leaf, e.g., species of Cucurbitaceae. |  |
| Tendril axillary | A tendril that arise in the axil of a leaf blade, e.g., species of Passiflora. |  |
| Tendril leaf opposed | A tendril that arises opposite the insertion of a leaf; for example, Parthenocissus quinquefolia and many othe species of Vitaceae. |  |
| Terminal bud | A bud that terminates the end of a stem or a twig. | |