Displaying 1 - 60 out of 83 Object(s)
| Term | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| Accessory fruit | A type of fleshy fruit that includes some other part of the flower in addition to that which is derived from the ovary. Accessory fruits are usually indehiscent. Examples of this type of fruit are apples, figs, and strawberries. |  |
| Achene | A small, dry, indehiscent, one-seeded fruit derived from a superior ovary with the seed attached to the fruit wall at one point only; e.g., species |
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| Aggregate fruit | A fruit formed by the coalescence of carpels that were distinct (apocarpous) in flower; e.g., |
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| Amphisarcum (plural = amphisarca) | A simple, indehiscent fruit with the pericarp differentiated externally into a dry crust and internally into one or more fleshy layers. | .thumb.jpg) |
| Anthocarp | A type of fruit in which some part of the flower other than the pericarp persists (e.g., the perianth on the fruit of Nyctaginaceae). | |
| Article | A joint or segment; e.g., a segment of a fruit (loment) of Desmodium spp. (Fabaceae). | |
| Baccate | Berrylike. See berry. |  |
| Basal stoppers | Valves in the woody pericarp of Parinari (Chrysobalanaceae) that allow for the escape of the seedling. Same as obturamenta. | |
| Berry | A usually soft, fleshy or juicy, multiseeded, indehiscent fruit (e.g., Solanum spp., Solanaceae). | |
| Campanulate fruit | Broadly bell-shaped fruit with a wide mouth. |  |
| Capsule | A dry, dehiscent fruit that develops from a syncarpous ovary; it can open in the middle of the locules (loculicidal), along the septa (septicidal), or around the circumference (circumscissile). |  |
| Carpophore | A prolongation of the receptacle to which the carpels are attached; e.g., the expanded red structure bearing the fruits in Ouratea (Ochnaceae); the central axis of a fragmenting fruit (schizocarp) to which the separate parts are attached; e.g., the fruits of Apiaceae and some species of Sapindaceae (in this sense, same as columella). | |
| Carpopodium | Differentiated base of a cypsela (Asteraceae), commonly zygomorphic and occasionally sculptured. | |
| Caryopsis | A dry, hard, one-seeded, indehiscent fruit unique to the Poaceae in which the pericarp is adnate to the seed coat. Same as grain. | |
| Cashew apple | The swollen pedicel that subtends the fruit of Anacardium (Anacardiaceae). Scientifically called the hypocarp. | |
| Circumscissile capsule | Dehiscing via a line around a fruit with the top usually falling off like the lid of a jar. |  |
| Coccus (plural = cocci) | One of the parts of a dry fruit that breaks into usually 1-seeded segments; e.g., the fruit of Serjania spp. (Sapindaceae); in the Euphorbiaceae, one of the sections of the wall of a dry dehiscent fruit. | |
| Columella | See carpophore; the central axis within the fruit; e.g., in Lecythidaceae. | |
| Condyle | In the drupe of Menispermaceae, the inward wing or projection of the endocarp around which the embryo or endosperm is folded. | |
| Craspedium | A legume pod in which the valves separate at maturity from the persistent septae or replum, and, as a rule, simultaneously break into one-seeded segments. | |
| Cupulate | Bearing a cupule. | |
| Cupule | A cup-shaped structure that usually subtends a fruit; e.g., that of many species of Lauraceae and Rhabododendron amazonicum. |  |
| Cylindrical fruit | A fruit that is much longer than it is broad. |  |
| Cypsela (plural = cypselae) | A dry, indehiscent fruit derived from an inferior, bicarpellate ovary; e.g., in Asteraceae. Similar to an achene, but derived from an inferior ovary and attached to the fruit wall throughout, i.e., not at a single place as in an achene. |  |
| Dehisce (dehiscent) | Splitting open at maturity, usually applied to a fruit that opens to release seeds but other structures, such as sporangia may also be called dehiscent. |  |
| Diclesiuim | A type of indehiscent anthocarp in which the perianth encloses or is accrescent around the pericarp and aids in dispersal. | |
| Diclesium (pl. = diclesia) | An indehiscent fruit (often an achene) surrounded by a free but persistent perianth. | |
| Drupaceous | Like a drupe. | |
| Druparium (plural = druparia) | A cluster of drupelike fruits derived from the carpels of an apocarpous ovary; e.g., in the Simaroubaceae. | |
| Drupe | A single-seeded, indehiscent fruit with three distinct layers: the thin excocarp, often fleshy mesocarp, and the often woody or bony endocarp. |  |
| Drupelet | A small drupe, as in the individual segments of a raspberry fruit. | |
| Druplet | Referring to a small drupe that contains a hard endocarp with a single seed. | |
| Endocarp | The innermost layer of the fruit wall. Compare with pericarp. |  |
| Epicarp | Same as exocarp. | |
| Exocarp | The outermost layer of the fruit wall. Same as epicarp; compare with pericarp. | |
| False fruits | Fruits that develop from more than just the ovary; e.g., the outermost layer of the fruit may be derived from a hypanthium. | |
| Follicetum | An aggregate of follicles formed from an apocarpous gynoecium. | |
| Follicle | A dry or somewhat fleshy or leathery, dehiscent fruit formed from a single carpel and opening along a ventral suture; e.g., the fruit of Apocynaceae subfamily Asclepiadoideae. |  |
| Fruit | In the flowering plants, the ripened ovary or the seed-bearing organ of a plant. | |
| Gall fruits | In Ficus (Moraceae), the seedless fruits that develop from ovaries parasitized by wasps. | |
| Hemi-legume (hemilegume) | A legume fruit in which the seed or seeds and one valve of the pod are dispersed as a unit. The valve catches the wind and blows away with the seeds. |  |
| Hesperidium | A berrylike fruit with tough or coriaceous outer rind, e.g., the fruit of most species of Citrus (Rutaceae). |  |
| Hypocarp | The swollen pedicel that subtends the fruit of Anacardium (Anacardiaceae). Also called the cashew apple. |  |
| Hypogeous fruits | Immature fruits that penetrate the ground where they develop to maturity, the best examples are the hypogeous fruits of the peanut ( |
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| Hypogynous bristle | Hairlike filaments arising from the base of the achene in some species of Cyperaceae. |  |
| Infructescence | The structure in which fruits are displayed on a plant. |  |
| Interseminal sinuses | The invaginations between the seeds in a legume pod. |  |
| Jaculator | A hooklike structure derived from the funicle of many Acanthaceae that aids in dispersal by ejecting the seed from the fruit. Same as retinaculum. | |
| Legume | A fruit that is derived from a single carpel, dehisces along two sutures, and is usually dry and several-seeded. Although most species of the legume family possess legumes, a number of them do not (e.g., species of |
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| Loculicidal capsule | A dry, dehiscent fruit that opens in the middle of the locule. Compare with septicidal capsule. | |
| Loment | A type of legume fruit in which each single-seeded segment breaks away from adjacent segments; e.g., in Desmodium (Fabaceae). |  |
| Lomentiform | Like a loment. | |
| Marginicidal dehiscence | See septicidal and septifragal dehiscence. | |
| Mericarp | One of the units of a schizocarp. The mericarps split from the schizocarp but the mericarps are not dehiscent.. |  |
| Mesocarp | The middle layer of the fruit wall. Compare with pericarp. | |
| Monocarp | A unit of the fruit of apocarpous Annonaceae (e.g., Guatteria spp. and Unonopsis spp.), Menispermaceae, Monimiaceae, Ochnaceae, and Simaroubaceae.. |  |
| Multiple fruit | A fruit formed from the ovaries of more than one flower, e.g., the pineapple fruit which consists of the fusion of the ovaries of the flowers of an inflorescence as the fruits develop. | .thumb.jpg) |
| Non-cylindrical fruit | A fruit that is as long as broad or is shorter than broad. |  |
| Nut | A hard, indehiscent, unilocular, single-seeded fruit arising from a simple or compound ovary. |  |
| Nutlet | A small nut; often used to refer to one of the four parts of the mature fruit of some species of Boraginaceae, Lamiaceae, and Verbenaceae. |  |