Monographs Details:
Authority:
Luteyn, James L. 1983. Ericaceae--part I. Cavendishia. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 35: 1-290. (Published by NYBG Press)
Luteyn, James L. 1983. Ericaceae--part I. Cavendishia. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 35: 1-290. (Published by NYBG Press)
Family:
Ericaceae
Ericaceae
Description:
Species Description - Terrestrial or epiphytic shrub with stems to 5 cm in diam. and 4 m tall; twigs somewhat soft-wooded, subterete or complanate, striate, glabrous, dark reddish-brown. Leaves elliptic or oblong-elliptic, (2.5-)4-6.5 X (1 -) 1.5-3 cm, basally rounded or slightly subcordate, apically rounded or broadly acute, uppermost leaves sometimes apiculate, glabrous; 5-plinerved often appearing pinnately veined, midrib impressed above and conspicuously raised beneath, lateral nerves impressed above and raised beneath with inner pair arising ca. 1 cm above base and extending nearly to distal tip, outer pair arising from base but extending only 1/3-½ way up lamina, reticulate veinlets slightly raised on both surfaces but inconspicuous; petioles terete, rugose, 3-7 mm long and 1-2 mm in diam., glabrous. Inflorescence 15-20(-30)-flowered; rachis subterete, bluntly to sharply angled, conspicuously striate, glabrous, 6-8(-13) cm long and 2.5-3(-4) mm in diam.; floral bracts oblong or elliptic, slightly concave, (18-)20-22 X (8-) 12-14 mm, basally slightly auriculate, apically rounded, margins thinner than lamina, glabrous, dark red when fresh; pedicels subterete, striate and angular, glabrous, 18-20(-24) mm long and 1 mm in diam.; bracteoles ovate, acute, 1.5 mm long, apically with a tuft of short hairs, marginally glandular-fimbriate. Flowers: Calyx glabrous, 8-9.5 mm long, dark waxy red when fresh; hypanthium cylindric, slightly 10-ribbed, 4-5 mm long, basally strongly apophysate (especially after drying); limb cylindric or slightly spreading, 5-6 mm long; lobes triangular, acute, apex itself blunt, 1.5 mm long and ca. 3 mm broad, erect after anthesis, marginally eglandular or more commonly provided with minute oblong glands (usually two/ side) which are easily broken off upon drying; sinus rounded or obtuse; corolla cylindric but slightly wider towards base and constricted distally, glabrous, (20-)24-25 mm long and ca. 8 mm in diam., lower ¾ bright dark waxy red, upper ¼ plus lobes yellowish-white when fresh, lobes triangular, 2 mm long, spreading to reflexed at anthesis; stamens 20-21 mm long; filaments distinct to lightly coherent in basal half, puberulent in distal half, alternately 5-6 mm and 7 mm long; anthers alternately 17 mm and 15 mm long; thecae alternately 5.5-6 mm and 6-6.5 mm long; style 23-25 mm long. Immature berry 14 mm in diam.
Species Description - Terrestrial or epiphytic shrub with stems to 5 cm in diam. and 4 m tall; twigs somewhat soft-wooded, subterete or complanate, striate, glabrous, dark reddish-brown. Leaves elliptic or oblong-elliptic, (2.5-)4-6.5 X (1 -) 1.5-3 cm, basally rounded or slightly subcordate, apically rounded or broadly acute, uppermost leaves sometimes apiculate, glabrous; 5-plinerved often appearing pinnately veined, midrib impressed above and conspicuously raised beneath, lateral nerves impressed above and raised beneath with inner pair arising ca. 1 cm above base and extending nearly to distal tip, outer pair arising from base but extending only 1/3-½ way up lamina, reticulate veinlets slightly raised on both surfaces but inconspicuous; petioles terete, rugose, 3-7 mm long and 1-2 mm in diam., glabrous. Inflorescence 15-20(-30)-flowered; rachis subterete, bluntly to sharply angled, conspicuously striate, glabrous, 6-8(-13) cm long and 2.5-3(-4) mm in diam.; floral bracts oblong or elliptic, slightly concave, (18-)20-22 X (8-) 12-14 mm, basally slightly auriculate, apically rounded, margins thinner than lamina, glabrous, dark red when fresh; pedicels subterete, striate and angular, glabrous, 18-20(-24) mm long and 1 mm in diam.; bracteoles ovate, acute, 1.5 mm long, apically with a tuft of short hairs, marginally glandular-fimbriate. Flowers: Calyx glabrous, 8-9.5 mm long, dark waxy red when fresh; hypanthium cylindric, slightly 10-ribbed, 4-5 mm long, basally strongly apophysate (especially after drying); limb cylindric or slightly spreading, 5-6 mm long; lobes triangular, acute, apex itself blunt, 1.5 mm long and ca. 3 mm broad, erect after anthesis, marginally eglandular or more commonly provided with minute oblong glands (usually two/ side) which are easily broken off upon drying; sinus rounded or obtuse; corolla cylindric but slightly wider towards base and constricted distally, glabrous, (20-)24-25 mm long and ca. 8 mm in diam., lower ¾ bright dark waxy red, upper ¼ plus lobes yellowish-white when fresh, lobes triangular, 2 mm long, spreading to reflexed at anthesis; stamens 20-21 mm long; filaments distinct to lightly coherent in basal half, puberulent in distal half, alternately 5-6 mm and 7 mm long; anthers alternately 17 mm and 15 mm long; thecae alternately 5.5-6 mm and 6-6.5 mm long; style 23-25 mm long. Immature berry 14 mm in diam.
Discussion:
Cavendishia ruiz-teranii is notable for its glabrous habit, elliptic to oblong-elliptic and apically rounded to broadly acute leaves, strongly apophysate hypanthium, eglandular or sometimes thin-oblong-glandular calyx lobes, and red corollas with yellowish-white tips. It occurs in a remote (10 hours by horseback) area of the southeastern Cordillera de M6rida where it was first located by Luis Ruiz Ter&n. The calyx lobes are rather variable in the material seen. They are commonly triangular, bear an oblong callose gland on each side, and are separated by obtuse to rounded sinuses; but sometimes they are ovate and seemingly eglandular or thinly glandular-margined, and the sinuses are acute.Cavendishia ruiz-teranii is most closely related to the Central American C. quercina having very similar gland types, calyx features, and overall facies. The differences are given in the key. It also shows remote affinities with C. plexicaulis (sect. Foreroa) especially in calyx features, but many more collections of both species are needed to determine the full range of variation. The similarity in calyx between C. ruiz-teranii and C. subamplexicaulis and the sometimes eglandular calyx lobes of C. ruiz-teranii indicate a definite link between their respective sections, Cavendishia and Foreroa.
Cavendishia ruiz-teranii is notable for its glabrous habit, elliptic to oblong-elliptic and apically rounded to broadly acute leaves, strongly apophysate hypanthium, eglandular or sometimes thin-oblong-glandular calyx lobes, and red corollas with yellowish-white tips. It occurs in a remote (10 hours by horseback) area of the southeastern Cordillera de M6rida where it was first located by Luis Ruiz Ter&n. The calyx lobes are rather variable in the material seen. They are commonly triangular, bear an oblong callose gland on each side, and are separated by obtuse to rounded sinuses; but sometimes they are ovate and seemingly eglandular or thinly glandular-margined, and the sinuses are acute.Cavendishia ruiz-teranii is most closely related to the Central American C. quercina having very similar gland types, calyx features, and overall facies. The differences are given in the key. It also shows remote affinities with C. plexicaulis (sect. Foreroa) especially in calyx features, but many more collections of both species are needed to determine the full range of variation. The similarity in calyx between C. ruiz-teranii and C. subamplexicaulis and the sometimes eglandular calyx lobes of C. ruiz-teranii indicate a definite link between their respective sections, Cavendishia and Foreroa.
Distribution:
Venezuela South America| Mérida Venezuela South America|
Venezuela South America| Mérida Venezuela South America|
Common Names:
cacahuito, cacagüito
cacahuito, cacagüito
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