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Family:

Ericaceae (Magnoliophyta)

Primary Citation:

Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 273. 1881

Accepted Name:

This name is currently accepted.

Common Names:

colmillo

Description:

Description: Terrestrial and epiphytic shrub to 1-2.5 m tall; stem base 2.5-4 cm in diam.; mature branches terete but often ridged and striate, glabrous, brick-red or grayish; bark brown or reddish-brown when fresh; twigs subterete to obtusely angled, striate, densely puberulent and usually also provided with red, clavate glandular fimbriae which are soon caducous, brick-red or reddish-brown. Leaves lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, (3.5-)5-8.5(-11) x 1-2 cm, basally cuneate or infrequently obtuse or rounded, apically long-acuminate, glabrous except for adaxial surface or midrib which is densely puberulent proximally becoming glabrate distally and leaf apex which may be conspicuously ciliate (to 0.3 mm long) along margins; pinnately veined or conspicuously (3-)5(-7)-plinerved with lateral nerves arising above base and always much thinner than midrib, usually only inner pair of lateral nerves extending to apex, midrib raised and conspicuous on both surfaces, lateral nerves and veinlets plane or more commonly slighlty raised and conspicuous above, raised but usually only lateral nerves obvious beneath; petioles terete, rugose, 2.5-5(-7) mm long and 1-1.5 mm in diam., densley puberulent adaxially, rarely becoming glabrate. Inflorescence (3-)4-5(-8)-flowered, narrowly fusiform in bud; rachis bluntly angled, minutely striate, viscid, glabrous, 1-3 cm long and 1 mm in diam., pale green to pinkish, rarely provided with few, red clavate glands at base; floral bracts oblong to oblanceolate, 15-20(-25) x 5-10(-15) mm, basally narrowed and sessile, apically rounded to acute, marginally scarious, short-ciliate and often revolute, purple to reddish-purple or rarely rose; pedicels swollen apically, smooth or ridged, glabrous, (3.5-)5-9 mm long and 0.5 mm in diam., pale green to pinkish, with distal swollen tip completely encircled with sessile, angular or disc-shaped flesh-colored glands; bracteoles lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.5-1.5 x 0.5-1 mm, glabrous, green completely glandular-callose except for small central basal portion. Flowers: calyx glabrous, 3-4 mm long, pink to dark wine-red at anthesis but turning pale green after anthesis, lobes always dark green; hypanthium bluntly 5-angled or -ribbed, 1-1.5 mm long, conspicuously apophysate basally; limb campanulate or rarely cylindric, smooth, (1.5-)2-2.5(-3) mm long; lobes triangular, 0.5-1 x 0.5-1.5 mm, erect after anthesis, completly glandular-callose; sinuses broadly rounded to almost flat; corolla slightly constricted basally, slightly narrowed to throat, glabrous, (10-)15-20 mm long and 2.5-5 mm in diam., tube white at base and upper 1/4-1/3, purple or reddish-purple or rarely rose in middle, lobe white with purple or rose tips and margins, lobes trianglular to oblong, 1.5-2 mm long; stamens 12.5-16 mm long; filaments glabrate, alternately 1.5-3.5 mm and 3.5-5.5 mm long; anthers alternately 10.5-15 mm and 8.5-12.5 mm long; thecae 2-4 mm long; style exserted at anthesis, 14.5-19 mm long. Berry 10-12 mm diam.

Distribution: Endemic to Costa Rica, where it is occasional in cloud forest of the Central Valley, at elevations of 1000-1700 m.

Local name: colmillo (San José Prov.).

Cultivated: ACAD.

Flora and Monograph Treatment(s):

Cavendishia endresii Hemsl.: [Article] Luteyn, James L. 1983. Ericaceae--part I. Cavendishia. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 35: 1-290.
Cavendishia endresii Hemsl.: [Article] Luteyn, James L. 1976. A revision of the Mexican Central American species of Cavendishia (Vacciniaceae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28 (3): 1-138.