Taxon Details: Gaultheria setulosa N.E.Br.
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Family:
Ericaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Ericaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Scientific Name:
Gaultheria setulosa N.E.Br.
Gaultheria setulosa N.E.Br.
Primary Citation:
Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 2(6): 44. 1901
Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 2(6): 44. 1901
Accepted Name:
This name is currently accepted.
This name is currently accepted.
Description:
Description: Rhizomatous subshrub, 1-2 dm tall with procumbent to spreading stems; mature stem terete to subterete, striate, moderately to densely and persistently hispid with gland-tipped setae or their remnant, stout bases; bark fissuring irregularly but basically cracking longitudinally, reddish- to grayish-brown when dry; twigs terete to subterete, striate, deciduously white puberulent, also densely hispid with stout, basally swollen, gland-tipped setae to 2.5 mm long; buds terete, ovoid, to 3 mm long, scales numerous, ovate, obtuse, striate, glabrous but scarious and ciliolate, dark reddish-brown when dry. Leaves thick-coriaceous, broadly ovate, elliptic-ovate, rarely subrotund, (0.7-)1.2-4.5 x (0.5-)1-3.6 cm, base rounded, usually conspicuously cordate, apex acute to rounded with a stout, blunt, glandular mucro, margin thickened, crenate-serrate, with each tooth terminating in a conspicuous, sometimes crisped, basally swollen, gland-tipped hair to 2 mm long, lamina on both surfaces densely hispid with basally swollen, gland-tipped (often minutely) setae, usually persistent on both surfaces although lamina appearing punctate after hairs fall, upper lamina also scabrous due to pustular swellings where hairs arise; midrib and lateral nerves (3-5 per side) usually impressed and conspicuous above, conspicuously raised beneath, reticulate veinlets raised on both surfaces and very conspicuous beneath; petiole subterete, broadly and shallowly canaliculate above, rugose, 1.5-3 mm long, deciduously white puberulent above, glandular-hispid as twigs. Inflorescence axillary, racemose, 7-17-flowered, surrounded at the base by numerous, striate, ovate to elliptic-ovate, apically acute to rounded, ciliolate bracts to 8 mm long; rachis subterete or complanate and bluntly angled, striate, 3-9 cm long, moderately to densely white puberulent, also densely hispid with gland-tipped setae to 1.8 mm long; pedicels terete, striate, 4-6 mm long at anthesis but extending to 17 mm long in fruit, puberulent and hispid as rachis; bracteoles nearly basal to medial, smooth to striate, ovate to linear-ovate, 3-5 x 0.5-1 mm, acuminate or sometimes tips long-aristate, puberulent and glandular-hispid; floral bract subcoriaceous, conspicuously striate, spreading to reflexed, cochleariform, ovate to oblanceolate, 6-10 x 5-8 mm, acute to acuminate, ciliolate, sometimes puberulent on lamina within, weakly to densely (especially at base) glandular-hispid on dorsal lamina. Calyx 3.8-5 mm long, densely glandular-hispid, also with or without white puberulence, lobes ovate, 3-4 x 1.6-2 mm, acuminate, densely ciliolate and puberulent distally within; corolla urceolate, terete, 7-9 x 4-6 mm, short-pilose without and also densely short-hirsute to strigose with gland-tipped (eglandular), ferruginous hairs to 1 mm long, glabrous within, pink to dark rose-red when fresh, lobes ovate, 1-2 mm long, obtuse; stamens ca. 5.5 mm long; filaments 4-4.3 mm long, long-pilose; anthers ca. 2 mm long, awns short but usually conspicuous; ovary densely short-pilose; style 6-7 mm long, inserted, glabrous to short-pilose at base. Fruiting calyx 6-7 mm diam., blue-black.
Distribution: Endemic to the higher tepuis in the Guayana Highland of Venezuela, possibly on the Guyana and Brazilian sides of Mt. Roraima too, where it is usually found in open areas in rock crevices of sandstone substrate at elevations of 2480-2800 m. Flowering and fruiting Apr-Dec, but probably sporadically throughout the year.
Type: Venezuela. Bolívar: Summit of Mount Roraima, 2620 m, Autumn 1898 (fl, fr), McConnell & Quelch 647 (lectotype designated by Luteyn, 1995, K, photo NY neg. 12667).
Conservation status: Rare and endangered.
Description: Rhizomatous subshrub, 1-2 dm tall with procumbent to spreading stems; mature stem terete to subterete, striate, moderately to densely and persistently hispid with gland-tipped setae or their remnant, stout bases; bark fissuring irregularly but basically cracking longitudinally, reddish- to grayish-brown when dry; twigs terete to subterete, striate, deciduously white puberulent, also densely hispid with stout, basally swollen, gland-tipped setae to 2.5 mm long; buds terete, ovoid, to 3 mm long, scales numerous, ovate, obtuse, striate, glabrous but scarious and ciliolate, dark reddish-brown when dry. Leaves thick-coriaceous, broadly ovate, elliptic-ovate, rarely subrotund, (0.7-)1.2-4.5 x (0.5-)1-3.6 cm, base rounded, usually conspicuously cordate, apex acute to rounded with a stout, blunt, glandular mucro, margin thickened, crenate-serrate, with each tooth terminating in a conspicuous, sometimes crisped, basally swollen, gland-tipped hair to 2 mm long, lamina on both surfaces densely hispid with basally swollen, gland-tipped (often minutely) setae, usually persistent on both surfaces although lamina appearing punctate after hairs fall, upper lamina also scabrous due to pustular swellings where hairs arise; midrib and lateral nerves (3-5 per side) usually impressed and conspicuous above, conspicuously raised beneath, reticulate veinlets raised on both surfaces and very conspicuous beneath; petiole subterete, broadly and shallowly canaliculate above, rugose, 1.5-3 mm long, deciduously white puberulent above, glandular-hispid as twigs. Inflorescence axillary, racemose, 7-17-flowered, surrounded at the base by numerous, striate, ovate to elliptic-ovate, apically acute to rounded, ciliolate bracts to 8 mm long; rachis subterete or complanate and bluntly angled, striate, 3-9 cm long, moderately to densely white puberulent, also densely hispid with gland-tipped setae to 1.8 mm long; pedicels terete, striate, 4-6 mm long at anthesis but extending to 17 mm long in fruit, puberulent and hispid as rachis; bracteoles nearly basal to medial, smooth to striate, ovate to linear-ovate, 3-5 x 0.5-1 mm, acuminate or sometimes tips long-aristate, puberulent and glandular-hispid; floral bract subcoriaceous, conspicuously striate, spreading to reflexed, cochleariform, ovate to oblanceolate, 6-10 x 5-8 mm, acute to acuminate, ciliolate, sometimes puberulent on lamina within, weakly to densely (especially at base) glandular-hispid on dorsal lamina. Calyx 3.8-5 mm long, densely glandular-hispid, also with or without white puberulence, lobes ovate, 3-4 x 1.6-2 mm, acuminate, densely ciliolate and puberulent distally within; corolla urceolate, terete, 7-9 x 4-6 mm, short-pilose without and also densely short-hirsute to strigose with gland-tipped (eglandular), ferruginous hairs to 1 mm long, glabrous within, pink to dark rose-red when fresh, lobes ovate, 1-2 mm long, obtuse; stamens ca. 5.5 mm long; filaments 4-4.3 mm long, long-pilose; anthers ca. 2 mm long, awns short but usually conspicuous; ovary densely short-pilose; style 6-7 mm long, inserted, glabrous to short-pilose at base. Fruiting calyx 6-7 mm diam., blue-black.
Distribution: Endemic to the higher tepuis in the Guayana Highland of Venezuela, possibly on the Guyana and Brazilian sides of Mt. Roraima too, where it is usually found in open areas in rock crevices of sandstone substrate at elevations of 2480-2800 m. Flowering and fruiting Apr-Dec, but probably sporadically throughout the year.
Type: Venezuela. Bolívar: Summit of Mount Roraima, 2620 m, Autumn 1898 (fl, fr), McConnell & Quelch 647 (lectotype designated by Luteyn, 1995, K, photo NY neg. 12667).
Conservation status: Rare and endangered.
Flora and Monograph Treatment(s):
Gaultheria setulosa N.E.Br.: [Article] Luteyn, James L., et al. 1995. Ericaceae, Part II. The Superior-Ovaried Genera (Monotropoideae, Pyroloideae, Rhododendroideae, and Vaccinioideae P.P.). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 66: 560.
Gaultheria setulosa N.E.Br.: [Article] Maguire, Bassett. 1978. The botany of the Guayana Highland--part X. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 1-288.
Gaultheria setulosa N.E.Br.: [Article] Luteyn, James L., et al. 1995. Ericaceae, Part II. The Superior-Ovaried Genera (Monotropoideae, Pyroloideae, Rhododendroideae, and Vaccinioideae P.P.). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 66: 560.
Gaultheria setulosa N.E.Br.: [Article] Maguire, Bassett. 1978. The botany of the Guayana Highland--part X. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 1-288.