Monographs Details:
Authority:
Luteyn, James L. 1983. Ericaceae--part I. Cavendishia. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 35: 1-290. (Published by NYBG Press)
Luteyn, James L. 1983. Ericaceae--part I. Cavendishia. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 35: 1-290. (Published by NYBG Press)
Family:
Ericaceae
Ericaceae
Synonyms:
Thibaudia pubescens Kunth, Thibaudia oblongifolia Remy, Proclesia pubescens (Kunth) Klotzsch, Thibaudia septemnervia Willd. ex Walp., Thibaudia cinnamomifolia Willd. ex Walp., Chupalon pubescens (Kunth) Kuntze, Cavendishia pubescens (Kunth) Hemsl.
Thibaudia pubescens Kunth, Thibaudia oblongifolia Remy, Proclesia pubescens (Kunth) Klotzsch, Thibaudia septemnervia Willd. ex Walp., Thibaudia cinnamomifolia Willd. ex Walp., Chupalon pubescens (Kunth) Kuntze, Cavendishia pubescens (Kunth) Hemsl.
Description:
Species Description - Epiphytic and terrestrial shrub to small tree 1-5(-8) m tall, 40 cm circumference at base (15 cm dbh); mature branches subterete or bluntly angled, ridged, moderately short-pilose to glabrate; twigs flattened and coarsely angled, ridged, densely short-pilose with whitish or grayish trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long. Leaves elliptic, oblong-elliptic, lanceolate or ovate, (5.5-)14-20(-30) x (1.5-)3.5-9(-12.5) cm, basally cuneate, obtuse, rounded, cordate, or truncate, apically long-acuminate rarely abruptly so with a blunt or sharply acute tip, usually densely puberulent to short-pilose on both surfaces with soft, white trichomes, persistent beneath but often glabrate above; 5-7-plinerved, midrib impressed above and prominently raised beneath, lateral nerves impressed above but plane distally, raised and prominent beneath, veinlets plane to slightly raised or conspicuously impressed above but obscure beneath; petioles terete to subterete, often dorsally flattened, rugose, sometimes coarsely ridged, (6-)9-15 mm long and 2-3.5 mm in diam., densely short-pilose, or puberulent. Inflorescence 7-1 l(-19)-flowered, encircled at base by densely matted or appressed short-pilose bracts; rachis bluntly angled, striate, rugose, persistently densely short, white pilose, sometimes with glandular fimbriae, 1-2.5(-4.5) cm long and 2-3 mm in diam., rarely with cartilaginous teeth at base; floral bracts muricate, glabrous or only ciliate, to sparsely or densely short, white and usually appressed pilose both abaxially and marginally, sometimes marginally fimbriate, elliptic to oblanceolate, 17-30 X 7-13(-17) mm, basally narrowed, apically rounded or rarely emarginate, pale pinkish-green or whitish-green through dark pink to red, often with small, red, clavate glands abaxially; pedicels bluntly angled, densely short-pilose, often fimbriate, 6-14 mm long and 1-1.5 mm in diam.; bracteoles oblong, linear, or subulate, 2-4.5(-5) X 1 mm, densely pubescent or only marginally ciliate, marginally glandular-fimbriate, these rarely fusing distally. Flowers: calyx pubescent with densely matted, white or tan trichomes, glandular-fimbriate, (4.5-)5.5-8(-11) mm long; hypanthium cylindric, usually shorter than limb, (2-)2.5-4(-5) mm long, nonapophysate, rarely apophysate or sometimes irregularly elongated; limb campanulate or spreading, (2.5-)3-5(-6) mm long; lobes oblong, oblong-triangular, broadly triangular or deltoid, obtuse, or broadly rounded, sometimes then apiculate, (1-) 1.5-2(-4) X 1.5-1.7 mm, connivent or curling after anthesis rarely reflexed, marginally glandular-fimbriate these rarely fusing distally; sinus obtuse; corolla cylindric or bottleshaped, slightly constricted basally, narrowed to throat, (12-) 15-20(-22) mm long and 7-8 mm in diam., white or tinted pink, with age becoming red, moderately to densely short-pilose with white or tawny trichomes, lobes triangular, ca. 1-2 mm long, wide-spreading at anthesis; stamens 10-15.5 mm long; filaments alternately (1.8-)2.5-4 mm and 3.5-6 mm long; anthers alternately 9.5-13 mm and 8-11 mm long; thecae 2.5-4 mm long; style glabrous or rarely pilose distally, 13.5-17(-23) mm long. Berry densely puberulent, 8-14 mm in diam.
Species Description - Epiphytic and terrestrial shrub to small tree 1-5(-8) m tall, 40 cm circumference at base (15 cm dbh); mature branches subterete or bluntly angled, ridged, moderately short-pilose to glabrate; twigs flattened and coarsely angled, ridged, densely short-pilose with whitish or grayish trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long. Leaves elliptic, oblong-elliptic, lanceolate or ovate, (5.5-)14-20(-30) x (1.5-)3.5-9(-12.5) cm, basally cuneate, obtuse, rounded, cordate, or truncate, apically long-acuminate rarely abruptly so with a blunt or sharply acute tip, usually densely puberulent to short-pilose on both surfaces with soft, white trichomes, persistent beneath but often glabrate above; 5-7-plinerved, midrib impressed above and prominently raised beneath, lateral nerves impressed above but plane distally, raised and prominent beneath, veinlets plane to slightly raised or conspicuously impressed above but obscure beneath; petioles terete to subterete, often dorsally flattened, rugose, sometimes coarsely ridged, (6-)9-15 mm long and 2-3.5 mm in diam., densely short-pilose, or puberulent. Inflorescence 7-1 l(-19)-flowered, encircled at base by densely matted or appressed short-pilose bracts; rachis bluntly angled, striate, rugose, persistently densely short, white pilose, sometimes with glandular fimbriae, 1-2.5(-4.5) cm long and 2-3 mm in diam., rarely with cartilaginous teeth at base; floral bracts muricate, glabrous or only ciliate, to sparsely or densely short, white and usually appressed pilose both abaxially and marginally, sometimes marginally fimbriate, elliptic to oblanceolate, 17-30 X 7-13(-17) mm, basally narrowed, apically rounded or rarely emarginate, pale pinkish-green or whitish-green through dark pink to red, often with small, red, clavate glands abaxially; pedicels bluntly angled, densely short-pilose, often fimbriate, 6-14 mm long and 1-1.5 mm in diam.; bracteoles oblong, linear, or subulate, 2-4.5(-5) X 1 mm, densely pubescent or only marginally ciliate, marginally glandular-fimbriate, these rarely fusing distally. Flowers: calyx pubescent with densely matted, white or tan trichomes, glandular-fimbriate, (4.5-)5.5-8(-11) mm long; hypanthium cylindric, usually shorter than limb, (2-)2.5-4(-5) mm long, nonapophysate, rarely apophysate or sometimes irregularly elongated; limb campanulate or spreading, (2.5-)3-5(-6) mm long; lobes oblong, oblong-triangular, broadly triangular or deltoid, obtuse, or broadly rounded, sometimes then apiculate, (1-) 1.5-2(-4) X 1.5-1.7 mm, connivent or curling after anthesis rarely reflexed, marginally glandular-fimbriate these rarely fusing distally; sinus obtuse; corolla cylindric or bottleshaped, slightly constricted basally, narrowed to throat, (12-) 15-20(-22) mm long and 7-8 mm in diam., white or tinted pink, with age becoming red, moderately to densely short-pilose with white or tawny trichomes, lobes triangular, ca. 1-2 mm long, wide-spreading at anthesis; stamens 10-15.5 mm long; filaments alternately (1.8-)2.5-4 mm and 3.5-6 mm long; anthers alternately 9.5-13 mm and 8-11 mm long; thecae 2.5-4 mm long; style glabrous or rarely pilose distally, 13.5-17(-23) mm long. Berry densely puberulent, 8-14 mm in diam.
Discussion:
Cavendishia pubescens is readily distinguished by its pale pinkish to rose, or whitish-green floral bracts; densely short-pilose, white to pinkish-white corollas; densely pilose to matted or woolly calyces of which the limb is longer than the hypanthium and the lobes oblong, obtuse; and by its persistently soft-puberulent or pilose leaf undersurfaces and fruits. The densely matted pubescence of the calyx usually characterizes the species.In the northern part of its range (Panama, Colombia-Venezuela), pubescens is relatively stable and easily recognized. The following variants, however, should be noted: from Edo. Trujillo, Venezuela, Luteyn et al. 5217, and 5221 show calyx lobes reflexed after anthesis, not inwardly connivent-curling; and at Parque Nacional Yacambú in Edo, Lara, Venezuela, Benítez 1749 and R. F. Smith 3162 show elongated calyces (8-11 mm) in which the hypanthium measures 3-5 mm, the limb 5-6 mm, and the lobes 4 mm long (these measurements accounting for the extremes recorded in the description).Far greater variation exists in Peru and Bolivia, near the southern limit of the species and genus where several probable hybrids with forms of C. bracteata have been described as species. Cavendishia pubescens var. boliviensis is a form with smaller, bluntly acuminate leaves (although isolectotypes at NA, UC, and UPS show more “normal” large, acuminate leaves). Smith (1932) maintained it, although he did not feel that it merited varietal rank. Smith also questioned the placement of Thibaudia oblongifolia Remy, not having seen the type. I have seen it (P) and interpret it as a hybrid between C. pubescens and C. bracteata. Polyboea velutina Grisebach, a nomen nudum, and C. pubescens var. microphylla Hoerold, both placed in the synonymy of C. pubescens by Smith (1932), are better placed in the synonymy of C. bracteata.Cavendishia pubescens is most closely related to the widespread and variable C. bracteata and is discussed there.
Cavendishia pubescens is readily distinguished by its pale pinkish to rose, or whitish-green floral bracts; densely short-pilose, white to pinkish-white corollas; densely pilose to matted or woolly calyces of which the limb is longer than the hypanthium and the lobes oblong, obtuse; and by its persistently soft-puberulent or pilose leaf undersurfaces and fruits. The densely matted pubescence of the calyx usually characterizes the species.In the northern part of its range (Panama, Colombia-Venezuela), pubescens is relatively stable and easily recognized. The following variants, however, should be noted: from Edo. Trujillo, Venezuela, Luteyn et al. 5217, and 5221 show calyx lobes reflexed after anthesis, not inwardly connivent-curling; and at Parque Nacional Yacambú in Edo, Lara, Venezuela, Benítez 1749 and R. F. Smith 3162 show elongated calyces (8-11 mm) in which the hypanthium measures 3-5 mm, the limb 5-6 mm, and the lobes 4 mm long (these measurements accounting for the extremes recorded in the description).Far greater variation exists in Peru and Bolivia, near the southern limit of the species and genus where several probable hybrids with forms of C. bracteata have been described as species. Cavendishia pubescens var. boliviensis is a form with smaller, bluntly acuminate leaves (although isolectotypes at NA, UC, and UPS show more “normal” large, acuminate leaves). Smith (1932) maintained it, although he did not feel that it merited varietal rank. Smith also questioned the placement of Thibaudia oblongifolia Remy, not having seen the type. I have seen it (P) and interpret it as a hybrid between C. pubescens and C. bracteata. Polyboea velutina Grisebach, a nomen nudum, and C. pubescens var. microphylla Hoerold, both placed in the synonymy of C. pubescens by Smith (1932), are better placed in the synonymy of C. bracteata.Cavendishia pubescens is most closely related to the widespread and variable C. bracteata and is discussed there.
Distribution and Ecology: Common in the N Cordillera Central of Colombia (Antioquia Dept.), the Cordillera Oriental of NE Colombia and the adjacent Cordillera de Mérida, east to the Cordillera de la Costa above Caracas, Venezuela; less common in the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia and the eastern cordilleras of Peru and Bolivia; also disjunct on Cerro Neblina in Amazonas, Venezuela and on Volcán Barú, Panama (Chiriquí Prov.). It is most frequently encountered in relatively dry exposed slopes and thickets, although a few labels indicate its presence in humid or rain forest, at elevations of (700-) 1200-2100(-3000) m. Flowering and fruiting occur throughout the year without peak periods.
Distribution:
Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Boyacá Colombia South America| Caldas Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Cundinamarca Colombia South America| Huila Colombia South America| Norte de Santander Colombia South America| Quindío Colombia South America| Santander Colombia South America| Tolima Colombia South America| Valle Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Aragua Venezuela South America| Distrito Federal Venezuela South America| Lara Venezuela South America| Táchira Venezuela South America| Mérida Venezuela South America| Trujillo Venezuela South America| Peru South America| Puno Peru South America| Junín Peru South America| Bolivia South America| La Paz Bolivia South America|
Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Boyacá Colombia South America| Caldas Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Cundinamarca Colombia South America| Huila Colombia South America| Norte de Santander Colombia South America| Quindío Colombia South America| Santander Colombia South America| Tolima Colombia South America| Valle Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Aragua Venezuela South America| Distrito Federal Venezuela South America| Lara Venezuela South America| Táchira Venezuela South America| Mérida Venezuela South America| Trujillo Venezuela South America| Peru South America| Puno Peru South America| Junín Peru South America| Bolivia South America| La Paz Bolivia South America|
Common Names:
uva, uvito, uvito noble, uva de monte, camarona, uvito de monte, uvito de borrancos, quemadera, quereme, uva, camarón, manzanito, manzana
uva, uvito, uvito noble, uva de monte, camarona, uvito de monte, uvito de borrancos, quemadera, quereme, uva, camarón, manzanito, manzana
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