{"id":661,"date":"2016-09-04T17:06:18","date_gmt":"2016-09-04T17:06:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sycamore.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/?page_id=661"},"modified":"2016-09-30T19:11:45","modified_gmt":"2016-09-30T19:11:45","slug":"heimioporus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/heimioporus\/","title":{"rendered":"Heimioporus – Overview & Key"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Heimioporus<\/strong><\/em> species are primarily confined to eastern Asia (Japan and China), Indo-malaya to eastern Australia (so far) and Tasmania (9 species, 1 variety). Two species (three names) are only known from the Americas (H. alveolatus<\/strong><\/em>, H. betula<\/strong><\/em>, H. ivoryi<\/strong><\/em>). Horak (2005) provided the necessary nomenclatural updates from Heimiella<\/em><\/strong> to Heimioporus<\/em><\/strong> in a list of taxa. He recognized two subgenera based on spore morphology:<\/p>\n

subg. Heimioporus<\/em><\/strong> \u2014 spore surface alveolate-reticulate<\/p>\n

subg. Punctisporus<\/strong><\/em> \u2014 spore surface pitted<\/p>\n

Heimioporus alveolatus<\/strong><\/em> from Mexico (Heim & Perreau, 1964) is virtually identical, both macro- and microscopically, to H. betula<\/strong><\/em> and is undoubtedly a later synonym. Unfortunately, alveolatus<\/strong><\/em> was only known from the type specimen (Natural History Museum of Paris), and is apparently no longer extant.<\/p>\n

Likewise, H. anguiformis<\/em><\/strong>, described by R. Heim (1963) from Papua New Guinea, appears to be known only from the type specimen (Paris) and is also apparently no longer extant. However, published photomicrographs of spores and an exquisite color plate of the macroscopic appearance of the species leave little doubt as to its uniqueness (Heim 1965).<\/p>\n

While spore color has been used traditionally as a distinguishing character for bolete genera, the definitiveness of this feature appears not as rock-solid as previously thought (Boletus<\/em> 'austroseparans<\/em>' in ed.). However, the olive brown spores of Heimioporus<\/strong><\/em> will readily distinguish the few punctate-spored taxa from those of Austroboletus<\/em><\/strong> (vinaceous pinkish to pinkish flesh colored spores) with generally similar ornamentation. Perforate\/punctate or alveolate-reticulate spores<\/a> do not occur in Boletellus<\/em><\/strong>, and this latter genus appears distinct from Heimioporus<\/em><\/strong> inferred from gene sequence data<\/a>. In this latter analysis by Halling et al. (2015), it is not demostrable that H. betula<\/em><\/strong> is a Heimioporus<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Key to Known Species<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Pileus some shade of red (crimson, scarlet, rhubarb, etc.) [retisporus, ivoryi, mandarinus, betula, fruticicola, australis, cooloolae, japonicus, subretisporus, xerampelinus]\n

2. Japan (NE Asia) to Australia [retisporus, mandarinus, japonicus, fruticicola, australis, cooloolae, subretisporus, xerampelinus, also possibly betula]\n

3. Pileus conic-umbonate, alveolate - - - H. mandarinus<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

3. Pileus convex [retisporus, japonicus, fruticicola, australis, cooloolae, xerampelinus]\n

4. Spores ellipsoid or rarely subglobose - - - H. retisporus<\/strong><\/em><\/a> (with var. levipedes)<\/p>\n

4. Spores fusoid, subfusoid to elongate-ellipsoid [japonicus, fruticicola, australis, cooloolae, xerampelinus]\n

5. Spore surface finely rugulose with crater-like ornamentation [cooloolae, fruticicola]\n

6. Pileus bright red; stipe lacking colored tomentum at base - - - H. fruticicola<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

6. Pileus dull red; stipe with scattered olive-mustard colored tomentum at base - - H. cooloolae<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

5. Spores alveolate-reticulate [japonicus, australis, xerampelinus]\n

7. Stipe reticulate; Japan and China - - - H. japonicus<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, H. xerampelinus<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

7. Stipe shallowly lacerate ridged with a red pruina; Australia - - - H. australis<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

2. America [ivoryi, betula]\n

8. Spores alveolate-reticulate - - - H. ivoryi<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

8. Spores perforate- - - H. betula<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

1. Pileus not red (brown, fawn, pale tan to ochraceous or black) [anguiformis, kinabaluensis, punctisporus, rubropunctus, subretisporus.]\n

9. Pileus surface cerebriform; stipe apex pinkish orange - - - H. anguiformis<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

9. Pileus surface even to somewhat rugulose to rugulose-tuberculate to shallowly subalveolate, but NOT cerebriform; stipe apex some other color [kinabaluensis, subretisporus, punctisporus, rubropunctus.]\n

10. Spores punctate - - - H. punctisporus<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

10. Spores reticulate, not punctate<\/p>\n

11. Pileus even - - - H. subretisporus<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

11. Pileus rugulose to rugulose-tuberculate<\/p>\n

12. Stipe with red scurfy ornamentation; tubes and pores cyanescent - - - H. rubropunctus<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

12. Stipe with fawn then blackening scurfy ornamentation; tubes and pores unchanging - - - H. kinabaluensis<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

Literature Cited<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

Halling, R.E., et al.<\/strong> 2015. Evolutionary relationsnhips of Heimioporus<\/em> and Boletellus<\/em> (Boletales), with an emphasis on Australian taxa including new species and new combinations in Aureoboletus<\/em>, Hemileccinum<\/em> and Xerocomus<\/em>. Austral. Syst. Bot. 28: 1-22.<\/p>\n

Heim, R.<\/strong> 1963. Diagnoses latines des esp\u00e8ces de Champignons, ou nonda, associ\u00e9 \u00e0 la folie du komugl ta\u00ef et du nadaadl. Rev. Mycol. (Paris) 28: 277-283.<\/p>\n

Heim, R.<\/strong> 1965. Les champignons associ\u00e9s a la folie de kuma: \u00e9tude descriptive et iconographie. Cahiers du Pacifique 7: 7-65.<\/p>\n

Heim, R. & J. Perreau.<\/strong> 1964. Les genres Porphyrellus<\/em> et Strobilomyces<\/em> au Mexique. Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 80: 88-101.<\/p>\n

Horak, E.<\/strong> 2005. Heimioporus<\/em> E. Horak gen. nov. - replacing Heimiella Boedijn (1951, syn. post., Boletales, Basidiomycota). Sydowia 56: 237-240.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Heimioporus species are primarily confined to eastern Asia (Japan and China), Indo-malaya to eastern Australia (so far) and Tasmania (9 species, 1 variety). Two species (three names) are only known from the Americas (H. alveolatus, H. betula, H. ivoryi). Horak … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-fullwidth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/661"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=661"}],"version-history":[{"count":57,"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/661\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":834,"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/661\/revisions\/834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/projects\/boletineae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}