C. Sancti Pauli Hasskarl, Retzia 214. 1855. — "St. Paul, Americae meridionalis nescio an sit provincia Brasiliae aut insula Oceani atlantici." — Described from plants that flowered at Bogor, Java, in 1855, grown from stock originating from American seed cultivated at Utrecht; authentic specimens, perhaps isotypic, Hasskarl s.n., e. Java misit Teysmann n. 1568, K!, NY!. — C. tweedii var. Sancti Pauli [sic] Bentham, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30; 553. 1875. C. hirsuta var. Sanct-Pauli [sic] Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb., ser. 59: 5. 1959. — Mistakenly equated with C. tweedii by Parodi, Encicl. Argent. Agri. Jard. 455. 1959.

C.foliolosa sensu Bentham, 1875: 553; 1876: 423; Glaziou, 1905: 188, lapsu "foliosa"; Burkart, 1952: 111; 1979: 98; Bemardi, 1984: 173; Hoc, 1992: 217, fig. 7 + map 2.

C. tweediei var. sancti-pauli sensu Bentham, 1876: 424; Burkart, 1979: 103 + map.

C. hirsuta sensu Spegazzini, Rev. Argent. Bot. 1: 195. 1926; non C. hirsuta (G. Don) Bentham; synonymy confirmed by Hoc, 1992: 220.

Arborescent shrubs 2-7(-8) m with pallid glabrous annotinous and older branches, the new stems and lf- axes silky-pilose with mostly straight, in age more flexuous, slender lustrous hairs to 0.7-1.8 mm, the narrow crowded subconcolorous, facially glabrous lfts silky-ciliate or finally glabrate, the umbelliform capitula arising singly and geminate from the axil of coeval lvs low on homotinous long-shoots. Stipules papery brown striate, elliptic obtuse or acute 7-17 mm, loosely involute, mostly deciduous at maturity of associated If. Lf-formula v-ix/30-57(-60); lf-stks and pinnae pliantly sinuous when expanding, when mature stiff straight, the former 4.5-9.5(—11) cm, the petiole 8-22 mm, the ventral groove continuous between pinna-pairs, the longer interpinnal segments 5-14 mm; pinnae proximally decrescent, thence sub- equilong, the longer distal ones becoming 3-6(-6.5) cm, the longer interfoliolar segments 0.4-1.1 mm; lfts decrescent at each end of rachis or only distally, either contiguous or narrowly imbricate, sessile or nearly so against rachis, the pulvinule 0.1-0.2 mm, the blade linear from obtusangulate or obtusely auriculate base, acute or apiculate, straight or almost so, the larger ones 4.5-9.5 x 0.7-1.4(-l.7) mm, (5-)5.5-8 times as long as wide; midrib slightly displaced forward from middle of blade, simple or weakly pinnate, the secondary venules widely divergent, the venation pro- minulous only beneath. Peduncles 2.5-5.5 cm; bract resembling stipules but smaller, caducous; capitula (3—)5—13-fld, the fls usually dimorphic, the peripheral ones cuneate in outline and ± pedicellate, 1-2 terminal ones (sub)sessile, broadly campanulate, the receptacle 1.5-3 mm; bracts subtending 1-3 outermost fls linear-oblanceolate 4-8.5 mm, deciduous; PERIPHERAL FLS: pedicel (0.6-)l-4 mm; perianth thinly pilose, especially distally, with white or partly ferruginous hairs, weakly arborescently venulose, not striate; calyx 4.5-7 mm, the ovate or lanceolate teeth 1.6-3.5 mm; corolla vase-shaped (7.5—)8—11(—13.5) mm, the ovate lobes 2.2-3.5 mm; androecium 26-44- merous, 43-55 mm, the stemonozone 0.7-1.6 mm, the tube 1.5-4.5(-5.5) mm, the tassel white or pale pink proximally, pink or crimson distally; ovary at anthesis either glabrous or barbellate distally; CENTRAL FL(S): perianth scarcely longer than that of peripheral fls, but broader and calyx rounded at base; androecium to 64-merous; intrastaminal nectary 5- lobed, to 2 mm. Pods 1—2(—3) per capitulum, erect, in profile (4.5-)6-9 x 0.7-11 cm, the thickened sutural ribs and the recessed valves woody throughout, vertically venulose, densely pilose-tomentulose overall with silvery-gray or rufescent hairs; seeds (little known) oblong-obovoid, plumply compressed, 8-9.5 (-10) x 4.5-5 mm, the testa brown, sometimes fuscous-spotted, the U-shaped pleurogram 5-5.5 mm.

In dense moist lowland forest and ascending in gallery woodland to 1000 m, surviving in second- growth woodland on moist soils, locally plentiful in the valleys of middle Paraguai, lower Paraná, and upper Uruguay rivers in s.-e. Paraguay, n.-e. Argentina (Misiones), and adj. Brazil, thence n. in Brazil in scattered stations to s.-w. Goiás (Caiapônia) and centr. Minas Gerais (Monte Claros, the type-locality). — Map 13. — Fl. VII-IX(-?). — Maricá, cabela de anjo, angico, sarandi (Brazil); niño azote (Argentina).

Calliandra foliolosa resembles C. tweedii in boatshaped, brown, striate stipules, and in coeval expansion of leaves and flowers, but differs in prevailingly higher leaf-formula, capitula arising directly from axils of new leaves rather than from the axils of efoliate stipules, and especially in the white-and-pink, not completely red tassel of filaments. In few examples dissected, the thick distal flower of C. foliolosa had a pronounced five-lobed disc around the base of the ovary, whereas the corolla of C. tweedii was merely thickened internally in the region of the stemonozone.