C. xalapensis Bentham, London J. Bot. 3: 106. 1844. — "Mexico; woods of the neighborhood of Xalapa, Galeotti, n. 3314." — Holotypus, K (hb. benth.)! = photo s.n., NY!; isotypus, K (hb. Hook.)!. — Anneslia xalapensis Britton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 62. 1928. — Mistakenly equated by Bentham, 1875: 551, and by Standley, 1922: 387, with C. laxa.

Anneslia compacta Britton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 62. 1928. — "[MEXICO.] Chiapas . . . Hacienda Monserrate, September, 1923, [C. A.] Purpus 9063." — Holotypus, NY! = NY Neg. 9312. — Mistakenly equated by Zamora, 1991: 78, with C. bijuga Rose.

A. simulans Britton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 63. 1928. — "[MEXICO.] Between La Venta and Niltepec, Oaxaca, July, 1985, E. W. Nelson 2795." — Holotypus, US!; isotypus, NY!. A. papillosa Britton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 63. 1928. — "[MEXICO.] Veracruz. Type from near Cameron [= Ca- mar6n], October, 1925, [C. A.] Purpus 10582." — Holotypus, NY!. — Calliandra papillosa Standley, Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 8: 312. 1931.

A. pallida Britton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 65. 1928. — "Puliorages [= pâturages] de la Cruz de Guanacaste, 1890, Costa Rica, Pittier 2727". — Holotypus, US!; clastotypus + photo, NY!. — Equated with C. rubescens by Zamora, 1991: 80. — Calliandra pallida Standley, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. Bot. 18: 492. 1937.

Calliandra yunckeri Standley, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. Ser. 17(4): 367. 1938. — "[HONDURAS.].. plain near Siguatepeque, Dept. Comayagua, 1050 meters, July 4, 1936, T. G. Yuncker, R. F. Dawson & H. R. Youse 5622r — Holotypus, F!; isotypi, K!, NY (ex hb. Yuncker.)!. — Equated by Zamora, 1991: 80, with C. rubescens.

C. tapirorum Standley, Ceiba 1: 40. 1950. — "Honduras: Dept. Comayagua... near Siguatepeque, alt. 1050 m., March-April 1947, Paul C. Standley 6856." — Holotypus, F!; paratypi, Williams & Molina 11209, 11576 F!. — Equated by Zamora, 1991: 80, with C. rubescens.

C. rubescens sensu Zamora, 1991: 80.

Microphyll shrubs variable in stature, in exposed stony sites flowering as a stiffly intricately branched shrub 0.5-1.5 m, but in riparian or woodland environment potentially arborescent and attaining 4.5 (-5.5) m, in most respects closely resembling C. laxa, the young branchlets, lf-axes and peduncles usually thinly (seldom densely) pilosulous or puberulent with fine pallid hairs to 0.1-0.5 mm, the bicolored, dorsally pallid dull, ventrally brown-olivaceous and either dull or lustrous lfts varying from glabrous facially and either ciliolate or not to pilosulous on one or both faces (the hairs of upper face often reduced to a papilliform base), the solitary or geminate capitula borne mostly on thatched or shortly caulescent brachyblasts but some axillary to primary lvs; phyllotaxy distichous. Stipules triangular to narrowly lanceolate, those subtending primary lvs 1-6.5 x 0.4—2.3 mm, weakly 4—7 (-1 l)-nerved, becoming dry fragile, those of brachyblasts shorter. Lf-formula ii—v(—vi)/( 12—) 14—17; lf-stk of larger lvs (1.5—)2—5 cm, the petiole 4—16(—19) mm, at middle 0.5-1.9 mm diam, the longer interpinnal segments 5-14 mm; pinnae either subaccrescent distally or almost equilong, the rachis of longer ones (2-) 2.5-5.5(-6) cm, the longer interfoliolar segments 1.6- 3.3 mm; lft-pulvinules 0.15-0.5 x 0.2-0.6 mm, transversely wrinkled; lfts subequilong or gradually

decrescent distally, the blades inequilaterally lance- oblong or ovate from shallowly semicordate base, deltately acute or depressed-deltate-apiculate, the larger ones (4.5-) 5-10 x (1.4-)1.6-3.2 mm, (2.3-) 2.6-4.1 (-4.4) times as long as wide; venation palmate- pinnate, prominulous either on both faces or only dorsally, the midrib straight or incipiently falcate, displaced to divide blade ±1:2, 2-3-branched beyond middle on posterior side, the inner posterior primary produced either nearly to or beyond mid-blade. Peduncles 1.7-3.5(-4) cm, ancipital, ebracteate or exceptionally bracteate near middle; capitula (6-)8-14-fld, the receptacle at most 2 mm, a terminal pedestal sometimes barely differentiated; bracts deltate-ovate or lanceolate 0.3-1.4 mm, tardily deciduous; fls (sub) sessile (the pedicel scarcely differentiated externally), usually heteromorphic, one terminal one with broader calyx, sometimes longer corolla, and always well- exserted androecial tube, the perianth of all fls glabrous or, less often, puberulent distally, the calyx weakly nerved, the corolla externally nerveless; PERIPHERAL FLS: pedicel (in vertical section) 0.35-0.6 x 0.55-1.2 mm; perianth (4—)5-merous; calyx (1.5-)1.7-3.4(-3.6) x (0.8—)1.1—1.9(—2.1) mm, the broad obtuse teeth 0.15- 0.8 mm; corolla (4.5-)5.4—8.7 mm, the triangular or lanceolate lobes (0.5-)0.7-l .9 mm; androecium (13-) 14—24-merous, 22-32 mm, the stemonozone 0.5-1.2 mm, the pallid tube 5.5-8.5 mm, the tassel pink or carmine; ovary at anthesis glabrous; no intrastaminal nectary; CENTRAL FL: calyx scarcely longer but broader than that of peripheral fls; corolla scarcely longer; androecial tube nearly twice as long as corolla; intrastaminal nectary to 0.8 mm tall; gynoecium 0 or rudimentary. Pods erect, in broad profile (4—)6—11 x 0.5-0.9(l) cm, the thickened sutures 4-6 mm wide in dorsal view, the densely puberulent or pilosulous, stiffly woody valves either bluntly, sub- symmetrically venose or externally almost nerveless; seeds 9-12.4 x 3-6 mm, the smooth testa light brown or putty-colored, dark-speckled, pleurogrammic.

In semideciduous forest, surviving disturbance in pasture thickets, in thin pinewoods, on stony hillsides and rocky river banks, 70-1300(-1500-?) m, interruptedly dispersed from tropical e. Mexico near 21°N to w. Costa Rica: in Mexico from lowland Veracruz to s. Oaxaca and adj. Chiapas; unknown from Guatemala; s.- centr. Honduras; w. Nicaragua; w. Costa Rica (Guanacaste). — Map 5. — Fl. VI-X. — Cabellos de ángel.