111.  Dalea trochilina T. Brandegee

(Plate CIII)

Shrubs, sometimes flowering precociously as a divaricately branched herb, becoming erect and either freely branched throughout or developing simple trunks paniculately branching distally, at anthesis 0.6-3 m tall, glabrous to the inflorescence, the purplish or livid young branchlets distally gland-verruculose, the foliage greenish- glaucescent, the small, thick-textured leaflets green above, prominently livid-punctate beneath; leaf-spurs 0.4-1 mm long; stipules subulate to narrowly triangular-acuminate, 0.6-1.5 mm long; intrapetiolular glands 2, small; post-petiolular glands prominent, mammiform; leaves shortly petioled, the main cauline ones 1.2-3 cm long, drought- deciduous, with narrowly margined, sparsely punctate rachis and mostly 4-6 (7) pairs of narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, bluntly gland-mucronulate, flat or loosely folded leaflets (1.5) 2-6 mm long, the spur-leaves shorter, with ± 2-4 pairs of smaller leaflets; peduncles terminal to all the branchlets, 0.5-5 cm long; spikes very dense, conelike, ovoid-conic becoming ovoid-ellipsoid, oblong, or subglobose, without petals 8-12 mm diam, the villosulous axis finally 0.7-2.5 (3) cm long; bracts tardily deciduous, the lowest broader and shorter than the rest, glabrous dorsally, the interfloral ones flabellate or oblanceolate below the abruptly short-acuminate tip, 2.5-4 mm long, dorsally pilosulous at base, or along the keel, or at the middle, thence livid and glandular, densely ciliolate, glabrous within; calyx 3.6-4.6 (5) mm long, densely silky-pilosulous with spreading hairs up to 0.5-0.9 mm long (the adaxial side sometimes glabrate), the tube 2.4-3 mm long, moderately recessed behind banner, the ribs becoming prominent, pinkish-brown, the flat submembranous intervals charged with 1 row of 3-4 minute (externally invisible) glands, the deltate- to triangular-acuminate, livid-castaneous, gland-spurred teeth unequal, the dorsal one longest and narrowest, 1-1.6 (2.2) mm long, the rest a little shorter and broader; petals bicolored, the banner whitish tipped at apex and at basal lobes with purple, the white area rubescent, gland-sprinkled, the epistemonous ones purple, eglandular, perched low on androecium (1.4-2.2 mm above hypanthium); banner 5.3-6.5 mm long, the claw 2.9-3.6 mm, the broadly reniform-cordate blade 2.6-3.3 mm long, 2.8-4.2 mm wide, hooded at apex and recessed at base into a cornet; wings 5.1-6.2 mm long, the claw 1.4-2 mm, the oblong-elliptic blade 3.6-4.7 mm long, 1.6-2.2 mm wide; keel 5.96.7 mm long, the claws 1.7-2.5 mm, the elliptic-obovate blades 4.1-5 mm long, 2.2-2.9 mm wide; androecium 10-merous, 8.5-11 mm long, the filaments free for ± 2.5 mm, the connective gland-tipped, the anthers 0.6-0.75 mm long; pod in profile semi- ovate, it 2.5 mm long, hyaline at base, thinly pilosulous and minutely gland-speckled distally; seed ±1.7 mm long. — Collections: 6 (o).

Open hillsides and brushy flats with oak (Quercus devia and Q. idonea) and madrono (Arbutus peninsularis) or pinyon, 1470-1800 m (4900- 6000 ft), known only from the higher mountains (Sas. de la Laguna and de Victoria) on and near Tropic of Cancer in Cape Region of Baja California. — Flowering November to May, perhaps irregularly through the year .—Material: Baja California (Sur). La Laguna, Gentry 4370 (UC), J. H. Thomas 7907 (NY), Moran 7432 (ENCB, NY). Trail to La Laguna e. of Todos Santos, Carter, Alexander & Kellogg 2436 (MEXU, MICH, UC). San Jorge to Chuparosa, e. side Sa. de Victoria, Carter & Ferris 3341 (ARIZ, MEXU, TEX, UC). Chuparosa, Brandegee in 1892 (F, GH, perhaps wrongly dated isotypi).

Dalea trochilina (of Trochilus, hummingbird, from the type-station, Rancho Chuparosa) T. Brandg., Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. II, 3: 220. 1892. — "...common about La Chuparosa and peculiar to the summits of the high mountains of the Cape Region..." — Holotypus, labelled "Sierra de la Laguna, Jan 22, 1890, Brandegee 127", UC! — Parosela trochilina (T. Brandg.) Rose, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 10: 104. 1906. Dalea seemannii ssp. trochilina (T. Brandg.) Wiggins, Contrib. Dudl. Herb. 3: 53. 1940.

Closely akin to D. brandegei, which it resembles in its glabrous stems and foliage, bicolored flowers, and gland-sprinkled banner, but different in its erect habit of growth, slightly fewer entire (not emarginate) leaflets, hard, conelike flower-spikes, broader and shorter calyx-teeth, and longer (relative to the calyx much longer) androecium. The two species are spatially and ecologically well separated, D. brandegei known only from coastal desert around Bahia Santa Magdalena near 112° W, 24° 30'-25° N, D. trochilina from grassy woodlands above 1400 m in the Cape mountains near 110° W. Wiggins (1940) interpreted D. trochilina as an outlying subspecies of D. seemannii (= our D. bicolor var. orcuttiana) differing only in glabrous stems and foliage, and linked to it by intermediate forms from Sierra Giganta. However the extremely condensed spike, short calyx- teeth, and gland-sprinkled banner together with allopatry and ecological differentiation provide strong grounds for maintaining it in the original specific category. If it must be subordinated in rank, it would be to D. brandegei, not to D. bicolor.

According to Brandegee there are sometimes three ovules in the forming pod of D. trochilina; but only the usual pair have been seen in all flowers dissected.