Dalea dispar


Rupert C. Barneby

75.  Dalea dispar Morton

(Plate LXXVII)

Coarse, soft-woody herbs, at anthesis 6-20 dm tall, at first monopodial, distally branching, becoming shrubby in age, appearing glabrous up to the inflorescence but the purplish-brown tuberculate young stems, the stipules, and leaf-rachises (or some of them) thinly pilosulous with scattered weak spiral hairs up to 0.2-0.6 mm long, the old wood becoming brown and furrowed, the foliage green, the leaflets somewhat bicolored, smooth above, beneath paler, faintly penni-nerved, densely punctate; leaf-spurs 1-1.6 mm long; stipules linear-caudate or linear, (3) 4.5-10 mm long, at least thinly pilosulous distally and ciliolate; intrapetiolular glands spiculiform; post-petiolular glands prominent, mammiform or prickle-shaped; leaves shortly petioled, the main cauline ones 5-11 cm long, with pale, punctate, narrowly thick-margined rachis and 5-9 (10) well-separated pairs of elliptic-oblanceolate or -obovate, abruptly acute or short-acuminate, flat, dorsally keeled leaflets up to 1-1.8 cm long, the margins often minutely gland-crenulate distally, the terminal leaflet stalked, scarcely smaller than the last pair; peduncles 0-1.5 cm long, the first of each major axis often surpassed by several smaller ones terminal to lateral branchlets; spikes racemiform, moderately dense, ovoid-oblong becoming cylindroid, without petals (but including bracts) 14-18 mm diam, the pilosulous axis becoming 2.5-14 (17) mm long; bracts persistent, lance-caudate, 5-10 mm long, the navicular body in profile (0.6) 0.8-1.3 mm wide near base, narrowly pale-margined, green or livid and glabrous dorsally, tapering distally into a livid, ciliolate or glabrate tail nearly as long or longer than the body; pedicels 0.2-0.5 mm long; calyx 5.3-7 mm long, pilose or pilosulous with fine ascending spiral hairs up to 0.6-1.6 mm long, the tube always thinly so and sometimes glabrous, (2.7) 3-4.6 mm long, slightly recessed behind banner, the yellow or castaneous ribs becoming salient, the flat membranous intervals charged with 1 row of large, elliptic, often irregularly confluent blister-glands, the triangular-acuminate, gland- spurred teeth subequal or the dorsal one a little the longest, 2.7-3.4 mm long (0-1.2 mm shorter than tube), the ventral pair shorter and broader; petals greenish-yellow turning sordid or dull brownish-rose, the banner marked with a lobed greenish eye and charged on back of blade with a tuft of hairs, usually (like the keel) gland-tipped but otherwise glandless, the epistemonous ones perched much below middle of androecium (2-3.5 mm above hypanthium); banner (7.5) 8-10.4 mm long, the stout 3- gonous claw 4.5-6.3 mm, the broadly ovate, slightly recurved, shallowly hooded blade 3.2-4.4 mm long, 3.2-4.6 mm wide, callous but open at base and the lobes incurved and adherent to form lateral pockets; wings 5.3-6.9 mm long, the claw 1.6-2.9 mm, the oblong-ovate blade 4-5.3 mm long, 1.7-2.5 mm wide; keel 7.4-8.8 mm long, the claws 2.8-3.8 mm, the elliptic or obovate-elliptic blades 4.5-5.3 mm long, 2.9-3.5 mm wide; androecium 10-merous, 9-11 mm long, the longer filaments free for 2.4-3.2 mm, the connective minutely gland-tipped, the anthers 0.55-0.65 mm long; pod ± 3 mm long, obliquely obovate in profile, hyaline and glabrous in lower 2/3, thence thinly papery, hirsute, gland-sprinkled; seed olive-buff becoming castaneous, ± 2 mm long. — Collections: 10 (o).

Thickets and at the edges of oak-pine woodland, coming out weedily to fallow milpa and along lanes or railroads, 1600- 2600 m (5330-8670 ft), apparently not uncommon in the highlands of s. Guatemala from Quetzaltenango e. to Jalapa and Jutiapa, to be expected in Salvador and to be looked for in the coastal cordillera of s. Chiapas. — Flowering late November to February (April). Material: Quetzaltenango: along railroad above Zunil, Steyermark 24,477 (F). SololA: Panajachel waterfalls, road to Solola, Molina et al. 16,254 (NY). Chimaltenango: Los Positos above Las Calderas, Standley 80,268 (F); Chichavac, Skutch 725 (US). Sacatepe- quez: Pachali near San Lucas, Edgar Anderson 4603 (F); San Rafael, Donnell Smith 2272 (GH, pod in dec, US, fl in apr); Volcan de Agua n. of Sta. Maria de Jesus, Stand- ley 59,348 (NY, US). Jalapa: Jalapa to Montana Miramundo, Steyermark 32,886 (F). Jutiapa: Volcan Suchitan, n.-w. of Asuncion Mita, Steyermark 31,897 (F). Guatemala, s. loc., Aguilar 714 (F).

Dalea dispar (unmatched) C. V. Morton, Phytologia 1: 147. 1939.— "Type collected at Chichavac, Dept. Chimaltenango, Guatemala, alt. 2400-2700 meters, February 18, 1933, by F. A. Skutch (No. 259)..." — Holotypus, US! isotypi, GH, NY!

A species of marked technical distinctness, notable for the combination of linear stipules, large acute leaflets, persistent, papery interfloral bracts, yellowish petals, and long- stalked banner hairy on the back. Of North American daleas the sympatric D. quercetorum alone resembles it in the pubescent banner, but this is a feature widespread among the Andean species with similar foliage. All of these, however, have blue petals. Where D. quercetorum and D. dispar grow together the former will be easily recognized not only by flower-color but by the dense silky pubescence of the foliage and the multiseriate small glands in the panels of the calyx-tube.

According to the protologue, the flower of D. dispar is nonandrous, but this character must have been observed in an anomalous flower, all examined since having the full complement of ten fertile stamens.

During preliminary study I provisionally identified D. dispar with the obscure D. macrostachya Moric., said to be from Nueva Espana (Mexico or Central America) and characterized by a dorsally hairy standard. The typus of D. macrostachya, which I was unable to locate at Geneve in 1963, was later sent on loan to New York and proved to represent a form of the South American D. coerulea. Several misleading annotations had unfortunately passed out of my hands before the error was discovered.

References: [Article] Barneby, Rupert C. 1977. Daleae Imagines, an illustrated revision of Errazurizia Philippi, Psorothamnus Rydberg, Marine Liebmann, and Dalea Lucanus emen. Barneby, including all species of Leguminosae tribe Amorpheae Borissova ever referred to Dalea. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 1-892.

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