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Term	Definition
Marginal leaf vein	A leaf vein that runs more-or-less parallel to the margin of a leaf.
Marginal placentation	A type of parietal placentation in which the ovules arise along the margins of the carpel. Compare with laminar placentation; see placentation.
Marginate	Very narrowly winged; e.g., the rachis of the leaf of a number of species of Inga (Fabaceae). Same as alate or winged.
Marginicidal dehiscence	See septicidal and septifragal dehiscence.
Marmorate	Marblelike in appearance.
Mata Atlântica	A Portuguese term referring to rain forest running along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from the state of Rio Grande do Norte to the state of Rio Grande do Sul in a band from 120 to 160 kilometers wide. This band may be interrupted in various places by other types of vegetation.
Mauve	Pinkish blue.
Medial longitudinal section	A cut along the long axis of a flower such that the style is also cut lontidutinally.
Medial section	A cut along the long axis and through the middle of an organ. Compare with longitudinal section.
Median	Of the middle.
Medifixed	Referring to an organ that is attached in the middle.
Mega-	A prefix meaning large.
Megagametophyte	The female gametophyte of angiosperms (flowering plants). Same as embryo sac.
Megaphyll	A leaf with more than one vein; characteristic of ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants. See microphyll.
Megasporangium (plural = megasporangia)	A structure in which megaspores are formed.
Megaspore	A spore that develops into a female gametophyte.
Megasporophyll	A leaf bearing a megasporangium.
Membranácea, membranáceo	Que posee la textura de un papel delicado y delgado.
Membranaceous	Having the texture of a thin and delicate paper.
Membranaceous	Having the texture of a thin and delicate paper.
Membranous	Thin and flexible.
Mentum	In some Orchidaceae, a lateral (sometimes nectariferous) projection from the base of the column formed by the fusion of the base of the column and the lateral sepals; common in Scaphyglottis.
Mericarp	One of the units of a schizocarp. The mericarps split from the schizocarp but the mericarps are not dehiscent..
Meristem	Undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells arise.
Merous	Referring to a fixed number of parts of a given organ, e.g., a flower that has 5 sepals, 5 petals, etc is 5-merous.
Mesic	Referring to a habitat intermediate in moisture or water supply; i.e., not too dry and not too wet.
Mesocarp	The middle layer of the fruit wall. Compare with pericarp.
Mesochile	The central portion of a complex lip in Orchidaceae.
Metabolismo ácido de las Crassulaceae	Es una manera de fotosíntesis que es característica de las plantas que crecen en agua o ambientes con limitado Dióxido de Carbono. Es más prevalente en especies de Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Crassulaceae y Orchidaceae.
Metamorphosis	Change in the morphology and habits of an animal as a part of its normal life cycle, e.g., the changes in a butterfly as it develops from an egg to a chrysalis (= pupa), and finally to an adult or a tadpole that develops into a frog.
Mico-heterótrofa, mico-heterotrófica	Se refiere a una planta heterótrofa que carece de clorofila, vive sobre material orgánico en descomposición y depende de una relación simbiótica con un hongo para obtener su alimento
Micro-	A prefix meaning small.
Microgametophyte	See pollen.
Microhabitat	A specialized habitat usually created by living organisms such as trees; e.g., the habitats found within the crown or along the trunk of a tree.
Microphyll	A leaf with a single vein, characteristic of Lycopodiaceae and Selaginellaceae and not found in the flowering plants. Compare with megaphyll.
Micropyle	An opening in the integuments of the ovule through which the pollen tubes generally penetrate.
Micropyle	An opening in the integuments of the ovule through which the pollen tubes generally penetrate.
Microsporangium (plural = microsporangia)	A structure in which microspores are formed.
Microspore	A spore that develops into a male gametophyte.
Microsporophyll	A reduced leaf bearing one or more microsporangia.
Midnerve	Same as midrib but used less frequently.
Midrib	The primary vein of a leaf, bract, sepal, or petal. Same as costa, midnerve, midvein, and primary vein.
Midrib	Referring to the princiipal or primary vein of a leaf blade that runs from the base of the leaf blade along the middle to the apex of the leaf blade.
Midrib plane adaxially	A midrib rib that is neither salient or impressed toward the base of the adaxial side of the leaf blade, i.e., it is flat with the leaf blade surface.
Midrib square abaxially	A midrib that appears to be square on the abaxial side of the leaf blade.
Midvein	Same as midrib but used less frequently.
Mirmecófito	Se refiere a una planta que tiene una relación simbiótica con hormigas. En las Orchidaceae normalmente se refiere a a la planta que tiene especies específicas de hormigas habitando en las raíces u otras estructuras como el pseudobulbo, e.g. en Calaurthron billamelatum, el pseudobulbo es hueco y habitado por hormigas; en Tococa guianensis (Melastomataceae), la base de las hojas tienen domacios que son habitados por hormigas.
Mitra-shaped	Shaped like a bishop’s hat; i.e., broadest at the base and tapered equally on each side to the apex.
Modified steady state phenology	A flowering strategy in which a few flowers are produced each day over long periods of time but for shorter periods than in steady state species.
Monad	A pollen grain that occurs singly. Compare with tetrad.
Monad	Referring to pollen grains that occur singly, i.e., they separate immediately after meiosis.
Monadelphous	Referring to stamens united by their filaments into a single group.
Moniliform	Cylindric but constricted at regular intervals and, thus, appearing like a string of beads; e.g., the staminal hairs of Commelinaceae.
Mono-	A prefix meaning one.
Monocarp	A unit of the fruit of apocarpous Annonaceae (e.g., Guatteria spp. and Unonopsis spp.), Menispermaceae, Monimiaceae, Ochnaceae, and Simaroubaceae..
Monocarpy (monocarpic or monocarpous)	Referring to plants that die after a single episode of flowering and fruiting; e.g., many bambusoid Poaceae and Tachigali (Fabaceae). Same as hapaxanthic and semelparic and opposite of iteroparic, pleionanthic, or polycarpic.
Monochlamydeous	Referring to a flower with a single whorl of perianth parts; same as a uniseriate perianth. Compare with heterochlamydeous.
Monocliny (monoclinous)	A species with functionally bisexual flowers; there is only one kind of monoclinous species. Same as homoecioius. Compare with dicliny.
Monocolpate	A pollen grain with a single colpus.
Monocotyledon (monocot)	One of the two classes of angiosperms usually characterized by having one cotyledon, parallel-veined leaves, and flower parts most often in threes. In the classification of Cronquist (1981), this class is called Liliopsida. In the APG classification it is not a monophyletic group. Palms and grasses are examples of economically important monnocots.
Monoecy (monoecious)	Referring to the sexual condition of a species of plant that bears male (staminate) and (female) pistillate flowers on the same plant. This is also an example of one of the two kinds of monoclinous species. Compare with dioecious.
Monogeneric	Referring to a plant family with a single genus.
Monograph	A scientific publication that includes all information known about a group of plants throughout its geographic range; e.g., Flora Neotropica Monographs.
Monographer	A botanist who prepares a monograph.
Monomorphic	Referring to structures or organs within a species or individual that do not differ distinctly in form or size. Compare with dimorphic and heteromorphic.
Monophyletic	A group derived from the same ancestral taxon.
Monopodial	Referring to plants with indeterminate growth along one axis. Monopodial stems and branches appear straight.
Monopodial growth	Referring to plants with indeterminate growth along one axis; i.e., the stem grows from the apex and the growth appears straight.
Monospecific	Referring to a higher taxonomic unit, such as a genus or family, composed of a single species.
Monosulcate pollen	Referring to a pollen grain with one groove or furrow.
Monosymmetric flower	A flower capable of being divided into only two equal parts (mirror images) by a line passing through the middle of a flower, i.e., other lines passing the middle of the flower will not give mirror images of one another; same as zygomorphic, bilaterally symmetrical, and irregular flowers and opposite of actinomorphic, monosymmetric, radially symmetrical, and regular flowers. This term can refer to other plant parts as well.
Monothecous	Referring to an anther with a single theca.
Monotypic	Referring to a genus with a single species.
Morichal	A Spanish name referring to a palm swamp dominated by moriche palms Mauritia flexuosa. Same as aguajal also in Spanish and burital in Portuguese.
Morph	A phenotypic or genetic variant.

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