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Term	Definition
Polinización zumbadora	Tipo de polinización en el que la abeja hace vibrar los músculos de sus alas para liberar los granos de polen, esto usualmente se da en anteras poricidas. Por ejemplo, en muchas especies de Solanum (Solanaceae).
Polipétala	Se dice de la corola que posee los pétalos libres entre sí. Sinónimo de dialipétala y coripétala. Opuesto a gamopétala o simpétala.
Pollen	Male reproductive structures contained within the anther of the stamen and usually released at anthesis. Same as microgametophytes.
Pollen drop	A small drop of liquid similar to nectar that accumulates on the apex of the ovule of gymnosperms. The wind-dispersed pollen of gymnosperms lands on the pollination drop and when it dries the pollen is carried into the ovule where it eventually fertilizes the egg to produce an embryo. See A in the attached figure.
Pollen guide	Markings on a flower that apparently serve to guide pollinators to pollen which is the reward they receive from the flower. Some are visible to humans, but others are apparent to humans only through ultraviolet photography.
Pollen guide	Markings on a flower that apparently serve to guide pollinators to pollen which is the reward they receive for visiting the flower. Some pollen guides are visible to humans, but others are apparent to humans only through ultraviolet photography.
Pollen sacs	See anther thecae.
Pollen syntricolpate	A type of pollen in which the colpi unite at both poles of a pollen grain.
Pollen syntricolpate	A type of pollen in which the colpi unite at both poles of a pollen grain.
Pollinarium (plural = pollinaria)	The pollen-bearing structure of Orchidaceae composed of a viscidium, a stipe, and pollinia.
Pollination (pollinate}	The transfer of pollen from an anther in a flower to the stigma of the same or to a different flower of the same species by pollinators such as the wind, water, insects, and mammals. Pollinate is the act of pollination.
Pollinator	An agent, such as the wind, water, some insects, and some mammals, that moves pollen from an anther in a flower to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of a different flower of the same species.
Pollinator guide	Markings on a flower that apparently serve to guide pollinators to pollinator rewards, generally pollen or nectar. Some are visible to humans, but others are apparent to humans only through ultraviolet photography. Same as pollen guide or nectar guide.
Pollinator reward	A general term that refers to a reward that an animal pollinator gets when it visits a flower. The reward is usually pollen or nectar.
Pollinium (plural = pollinia)	An aggregate pollen mass characteristic of Orchidaceae and those of Apocynaceae subfamily Asclepiadoideae.
Poly-	A prefix meaning many.
Polyandrous	Referring to an androecium with numerous stamens. Same as polystemonous.
Polycarpy (polycarpic or (polycarpous)	Referring to plants that flower repeatedly; i.e., those that do not die after a single flowering. Same as iteroparous and pleionanthic; opposite of monocarpic, hapaxanthic and semelparic.
Polygamodioecy (polygamodioecious)	Referring to the sexual condition of a species that bears (male) staminate and bisexual (perfect) flowers on some plants and female (pistillate) and bisexual flowers on other plants.
Polygamomonoecy (polygamomonoecious)	Referring to the sexual condition of a species that bears staminate, pistillate, and bisexual flowers on the same plant. Same as trimonoecious.
Polygamous	Referring to the sexual condition of a species that bears bisexual and unisexual flowers on the same plant, e.g., an andromonoecious plant (with male [staminate] and female [pistillate] species is one example of a polygamous species.
Polymorphic	The occurrence of different forms of the same organ within the same species.
Polypetalous corolla	Having petals free from one another. Same as choripetalous; opposite of sympetalous.
Polyphyletic	The inclusion of more than one evolutionary line in a taxonomic group.
Polyploidy	Referring to a process in which more than two sets of chromosome numbers are present. This is often the result of hybridization.
Polyporate	Having numerous apertures; e.g., pollen grains.
Polystelic	Referring to a stem with more than one vascular bundle.
Polystemonous	Having many stamens. Same as polyandrous.
Polystichous	Inserted in many series around an axis. Contrast with distichous and tristichous.
Polysymmetric	Same as actinomorphic.
Polysymmetric flower	A flower, capable of being divided, by more than one line passing through the middle of the flower, into two equal parts that are mirror images of one another; e.g., in Gustavia (Lecythidaceae), species of Myrtaceae, and species of Rubiaceae. Same as acinomorphic, radially symmetrical, and regular flowers and opposite of zygomorphic, monosymmetric, bilateral, and irregular flowers. This term can refer to other plant parts as well.
Pome	An indehiscent fleshy fruit consisting of seeds surrounded by the pericarp which is in turn are surrounded by fleshy tissue derived from the hypanthium. This fruit type is found in species of Rosaceae subfam. Maloideae. Because part of the fruit is derived from the hypanthium, i.e. both the ovary and the hypanthium are part of the fruit, a pome is also considered to be a type of accessory fruit.
Pore	A small opening, usually round.
Poricidal anther dehiscence	Referring to anthers that shed their pollen via terminal apertures; e.g., Gustavia spp. (Lecythidaceae) and Solanum spp. (Solanaceae).
Poricidal capsule	A capsule that opens via apical pores, e.g., species of the genus Papaver.
Poricidal dehiscence	Opening via pores; usually applied to anthers that shed their pollen via terminal apertures, e.g., Gustavia spp. (Lecythidaceae) and Solanum spp. (Solanaceae) or to capsular fruits (e.g., species of Papaver).
Poro apical	Abertura localizada en el ápice de una estructura. Por ejemplo, en las flores de algunas especies de Monimiaceae o en las anteras de algunas especies como Gustavia augusta (Lecythidaceae).
Porrect	Directed outward and perpendicular to the surface of origin.
Posterior	On the side toward the axis. Same as adaxial.
Posterior end of flower	In neotropical Lecythidaceae, the side of the flower from which the ligule arises.
Posterior hood extension	An extension from the androecial hood split that gives rise to staminodes and/or vestigial stamens that are swept inward.
Posterior rib	In Araceae, the connate or apparently united portion of the basal veins (those primary veins that join the midrib at the petiole attachment).
Praemorse	With a jagged, irregular apex, appearing as if bitten off; e.g., the apices of the leaflets of Socratea exorrhiza (Arecaceae).
Prairie	A treeless, grass-dominated vegetation found scattered throughout the neotropics.
Predation	Referring to an interaction between two organisms one that lives on and at the expense of another, e.g., an insect larva that eats the embryo of a hickory nut or a species of Loranthaceae taking nutrients from a host plant.
Prickle	A sharp, pointed outgrowth of the epidermis of stems, leaves and other plant parts; e.g., on the trunk and branches of Ceiba pentandra (Bombacaceae) and Jacaratia spinosa (Caricaceae), on the stems of Smilax spp. (Smilacaceae), and on the stems and leaves of many species of Solanum.
Primary hemiepiphyte	Referring to a plant (e.g., Clusia spp. and species of Araceae) that begins its epiphytic life without a connection to the ground but later develops aerial roots that reach the ground.
Primary leaflet	The first division of a compound leaf.
Primary rachis	The main rachis of a compound leaf or a compound inflorescence.
Primary vein	See midrib.

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