Monographs Details:
Authority:
Prance, Ghillean T. & Mori, S. A. 1979. Lecythidaceae - Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 1-270. (Published by NYBG Press)
Prance, Ghillean T. & Mori, S. A. 1979. Lecythidaceae - Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 1-270. (Published by NYBG Press)
Family:
Lecythidaceae
Lecythidaceae
Synonyms:
Pirigara tetrapetala Aubl., Gustavia meizocarpa Gaertn., Gustavia angusta J.F.Gmel., Gustavia urceolata Poit., Gustavia tetrapetala (Aubl.) DC., Gustavia augusta var. calycaris O.Berg, Gustavia augusta var. guianensis O.Berg, Gustavia augusta var. brasiliensis O.Berg, Gustavia augusta var. verrucosa Mart. ex O.Berg, Gustavia insignis Willd. ex O.Berg, Gustavia poeppigiana var. rigida O.Berg, Gustavia insignis Linden ex Hook., Gustavia membrillo Appun, Gustavia theophrasta Linden, Gustavia antillana Miers, Gustavia calycaris (O.Berg) Miers, Gustavia laciniosa Miers, Gustavia marcgraaviana Miers, Grias aubletiana (Aubl.) Miers, Japarandiba augusta (L.) Kuntze, Japarandiba antillana (Miers) Nied., Japarandiba marcgraaviana (Miers) Nied., Grias tetrapetala (Aubl.) Nied., Grias hexapetala Hook. ex Urb., Grias mexiana R.Knuth
Pirigara tetrapetala Aubl., Gustavia meizocarpa Gaertn., Gustavia angusta J.F.Gmel., Gustavia urceolata Poit., Gustavia tetrapetala (Aubl.) DC., Gustavia augusta var. calycaris O.Berg, Gustavia augusta var. guianensis O.Berg, Gustavia augusta var. brasiliensis O.Berg, Gustavia augusta var. verrucosa Mart. ex O.Berg, Gustavia insignis Willd. ex O.Berg, Gustavia poeppigiana var. rigida O.Berg, Gustavia insignis Linden ex Hook., Gustavia membrillo Appun, Gustavia theophrasta Linden, Gustavia antillana Miers, Gustavia calycaris (O.Berg) Miers, Gustavia laciniosa Miers, Gustavia marcgraaviana Miers, Grias aubletiana (Aubl.) Miers, Japarandiba augusta (L.) Kuntze, Japarandiba antillana (Miers) Nied., Japarandiba marcgraaviana (Miers) Nied., Grias tetrapetala (Aubl.) Nied., Grias hexapetala Hook. ex Urb., Grias mexiana R.Knuth
Description:
Description - Trees, often much branched, sometimes shrub-like, to 22 m tall; leafbearing branches 3-9 mm in diameter, the leaves aggregated at their ends. Leaf blades narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, 16-48 x 4-13 cm, glabrous, chartaceous, with 14-22 pairs of lateral veins; apices acuminate to long acuminate; bases acute to cuneate; margins entire to serrulate or infrequently serrate, the serration especially pronounced on upper one-half of blade. Petioles absent to 40 mm long, 2-6 mm thick, semi-circular in cross section. Inflorescences usually suprafoliar, infrequently axillary or cauline, racemose, puberulous to pubescent, with 1-8 flowers; rachis 4-60 mm, often with persistent bud scales at the base; pedicels 15-75 mm, subtended by a single ovate to lanceolate caducous bract 2-7 x 3-4 mm and bearing at various points along the length 2 ovate to broadly ovate or lanceolate bracteoles 2-8 x 2.5-7 mm. Flowers 9-20 cm in diameter; calyx usually an undulate rim 1-2.5 mm deep or less frequently of 4 shallow, broadly rounded or triangular lobes, the lobes 2-5 x 8-14 mm; petals (6-)8(-9), oblong, obovate, or oblanceolate, 25-95 x 15-50 mm, rusty-to-gray pubescent in bud, puberulous at anthesis, white inside and outside, with tinges of pink on the outside especially towards the apex; connate androecium base 819 mm high; outermost filaments 10-24 mm, white at base, often pink toward the apex; anthers 2-4 mm, yellow; ovary usually without costae, puberulous or pubescent, 4-7-locular, the summit white-pubescent to white-tomentose; style conical 1-3 mm long; stigma with 4-6 lobes. Fruits globose, truncate at apex, without costae, 30-70 x 30-80 mm, without persistent calyx lobes. Seeds rounded in cross section, black at maturity, 15-22 x 10-14 mm, with a distinctive yellow, contorted funcile, 14-35 x 4-12 mm. Seedlings with distinctive cataphyll, 4-5 mm long.
Description - Trees, often much branched, sometimes shrub-like, to 22 m tall; leafbearing branches 3-9 mm in diameter, the leaves aggregated at their ends. Leaf blades narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, 16-48 x 4-13 cm, glabrous, chartaceous, with 14-22 pairs of lateral veins; apices acuminate to long acuminate; bases acute to cuneate; margins entire to serrulate or infrequently serrate, the serration especially pronounced on upper one-half of blade. Petioles absent to 40 mm long, 2-6 mm thick, semi-circular in cross section. Inflorescences usually suprafoliar, infrequently axillary or cauline, racemose, puberulous to pubescent, with 1-8 flowers; rachis 4-60 mm, often with persistent bud scales at the base; pedicels 15-75 mm, subtended by a single ovate to lanceolate caducous bract 2-7 x 3-4 mm and bearing at various points along the length 2 ovate to broadly ovate or lanceolate bracteoles 2-8 x 2.5-7 mm. Flowers 9-20 cm in diameter; calyx usually an undulate rim 1-2.5 mm deep or less frequently of 4 shallow, broadly rounded or triangular lobes, the lobes 2-5 x 8-14 mm; petals (6-)8(-9), oblong, obovate, or oblanceolate, 25-95 x 15-50 mm, rusty-to-gray pubescent in bud, puberulous at anthesis, white inside and outside, with tinges of pink on the outside especially towards the apex; connate androecium base 819 mm high; outermost filaments 10-24 mm, white at base, often pink toward the apex; anthers 2-4 mm, yellow; ovary usually without costae, puberulous or pubescent, 4-7-locular, the summit white-pubescent to white-tomentose; style conical 1-3 mm long; stigma with 4-6 lobes. Fruits globose, truncate at apex, without costae, 30-70 x 30-80 mm, without persistent calyx lobes. Seeds rounded in cross section, black at maturity, 15-22 x 10-14 mm, with a distinctive yellow, contorted funcile, 14-35 x 4-12 mm. Seedlings with distinctive cataphyll, 4-5 mm long.
Discussion:
Ecology. Gustavia augusta is most commonly found along river margins but may also be encountered away from rivers, especially in habitats that have waterlogged soil for part of the year.As with most widespread species, G. augusta exhibits considerable variability. Nevertheless, there are no clear discontinuities which permit the recognition of more than one species. The riverine habitat of G. augusta and possible dispersal by water favors distribution over a large area and lessens geographic isolation.
Ecology. Gustavia augusta is most commonly found along river margins but may also be encountered away from rivers, especially in habitats that have waterlogged soil for part of the year.As with most widespread species, G. augusta exhibits considerable variability. Nevertheless, there are no clear discontinuities which permit the recognition of more than one species. The riverine habitat of G. augusta and possible dispersal by water favors distribution over a large area and lessens geographic isolation.
Distribution:
Dominica South America| Martinique South America| Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Delta Amacuro Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Trinidad and Tobago South America| Guyana South America| Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Brazil South America| Roraima Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Maranhão Brazil South America| Ceará Brazil South America| Goiás Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Pernambuco Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America| Mato Grosso Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Bolivia South America| Pando Bolivia South America|
Dominica South America| Martinique South America| Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Delta Amacuro Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Trinidad and Tobago South America| Guyana South America| Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Brazil South America| Roraima Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Maranhão Brazil South America| Ceará Brazil South America| Goiás Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Pernambuco Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America| Mato Grosso Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Bolivia South America| Pando Bolivia South America|
Common Names:
Matamatá, Matamatá Pequena, coco de mono, Guatero, Guatoso, Rosa de Muerto, Arepawana, Lanaballi, Oran Tapoeripa, Wanaballie, Watramammabobbie, Camaca, Cona-da-cona-dou, Mau Tapou-houpa, Genipaparana, Geniparana, Japuaranduba, Janipara, Jeniparana, Matamatá do Igapó, Pão Fedorento, Rikodim, Taminromre, Chopé, Sacha Chopé
Matamatá, Matamatá Pequena, coco de mono, Guatero, Guatoso, Rosa de Muerto, Arepawana, Lanaballi, Oran Tapoeripa, Wanaballie, Watramammabobbie, Camaca, Cona-da-cona-dou, Mau Tapou-houpa, Genipaparana, Geniparana, Japuaranduba, Janipara, Jeniparana, Matamatá do Igapó, Pão Fedorento, Rikodim, Taminromre, Chopé, Sacha Chopé